Lesson 9 The Sumerian Nominal Chain In this lesson, you’ll take a major step forward in reading and speaking Sumerian, by learning about the Sumerian nominal chain! Need a Refresher on Sumerian Syntax Review Lesson 8 - Sumerian Word Order Helpful Terms Here is a list of helpful terms you’ll encounter in this lesson. You can see the full Glossary of Terms here.agent: the noun in the sentence that performs the action.copula: a verb that connects the subject of a sentence to a subject complement; often the word ‘was’, ‘is’, or ‘will be’.patient: the noun in the sentence that experiences...
Sumerian Lesson 8: Sumerian Word Order
Lesson 8 Sumerian Word Order In this lesson, you’ll get familiar with Sumerian word order, also known as Sumerian syntax. You’ll also be introduced to the Sumerian nominal chain and verbal chain, which are major parts of learning Sumerian! Need a Refresher on Case Markers? Go Back to Lesson 7 - Sumerian Grammatical Cases Helpful Terms Here is a list of helpful terms you’ll encounter in this lesson. You can see the full Glossary of Terms here.syntax: the order of words in a sentence.agent: the noun in the sentence that performs the action.infix: a particle within the verbal chain that...
Sumerian Lesson 7: Sumerian Grammatical Cases
Lesson 7 Sumerian Grammatical Cases In this lesson, you’ll be introduced to the Sumerian grammatical cases. We’ll be covering each of the cases in their own separate lessons, so don’t feel like you need to memorize them yet! Helpful Terms If you're new to language-learning, this list of helpful terms may seem overwhelming at first, but you'll see these often, so don't worry about memorizing them now! I just wanted to list them out so you can start familiarizing yourself!agent: the noun in the sentence that performs the action.case marker: a particle suffixed to a noun to indicate the role...
Sumerian Language Review 2 – Cuneiform Signs and Transliteration
Review #2 Cuneiform Signs and Transliteration True or False Read the following sentences and determine whether they are 'true' or 'false'.Diacritics are used to indicate the pronunciation of a cuneiform sign.A left-facing mark over a vowel indicates the second reading of a word-sign.Akkadian words are normally lowercase and italicized.When a Sumerian word-sign has an unknown value, it may be italicized.Hyphens are always added between a noun and adjective. Multiple Choice Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer.1. The Sumerian language was written 𒅴𒂠, which is transliterated as: a) eme-ĝir15 b) eme ḫuĝ c) eme-šè 2. 𒅴𒂠 is...
The Truth About Saturn in Astrology
The Truth About Saturn Everything You've Been Told About Saturn is Wrong In this article, I'll debunk all of the negative programming you've been subjected too in relation to Saturn. If you're at all interested in learning the truth about astrology, I highly recommend my 15-hour Ancient Astrology Video Course, which goes into university-level depth on the origins and development of astrology. Why Astrologers Are Wrong About Saturn In astrology, Saturn is traditionally considered a harbinger of all things terrible. But why? What did Saturn ever do to earn its negative reputation?If you ask an astrologer, they will probably say...
Sumerian Lesson 6: Sumerian Transliteration
Lesson 6 Sumerian Transliteration In this lesson, you'll learn more about Sumerian Transliteration techniques, after which, you can take a short quiz to test your knowledge of cuneiform signs and transliteration techniques! Need a Refresher on Sumerian Translation? Review Lesson 5 - Interpreting Cuneiform Signs Helpful Terms Here is a list of helpful terms you'll encounter in this lesson. You can see the full Glossary of Terms here.case marker: a particle suffixed to a noun to indicate the role it plays in a sentence; also called a postposition.cuneiform: a wedge-shaped logo-syllabic script developed by the Sumerians and used by the...
Sumerian Vocabulary Review 1 – Lessons 3 – 5
Sumerian Vocabulary Review #1 From Lessons 3 - 5 If you have trouble viewing any cuneiform signs, try switching browsers or devices. Match the cuneiform sign to the Sumerian word aki me šeš diĝir𒈨𒀀𒀭𒆠𒋀 Match the Sumerian word to the definition áĝ eme ĝir15 ḫuĝkan., mouth; opening; beginning, origin; body part.n., tongue; language; speech.v., to be native; local; domesticated. adj., native, domestic; noble.v., to measure, check.v., to pacify; hire, rent; rest. Match the Cuneiform Sign to the Definition 𒀭𒆠𒋀𒇽𒂍n., brother; colleague; assistant.n., earth, area. prep., where.n., heaven; high.n., house, temple.n., man, male; human, person. Answers Match the cuneiform sign to...
Sumerian Lesson 5: Interpreting Cuneiform Signs
Lesson 5 Interpreting Cuneiform Signs In this lesson, you’ll learn the basics of reading Cuneiform. While you’ll encounter a lot of cuneiform signs in this lesson, you don’t have to memorize them yet, although you're welcome to start! Helpful Terms See the full Glossary of Terms here.cuneiform: a wedge-shaped logo-syllabic script developed by the Sumerians and used by the Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians, and currently recognized as the oldest known writing system.polyvalency: having more than one value, such as a sound or meaning, as in the cuneiform 𒂠, which can be read as éš, and šè, among others.transliteration: writing the...
Sumerian Language Review 1 – Sumerian Pronunciation
Review #1 Sumerian Pronunciation True or False Read the following sentences and determine whether they are 'true' or 'false'.No scholars believe Sumerian had an /o/ vowel.The Akkadians couldn’t differentiate between the /g/ and /k/ sounds.Syllable emphasis may have played a role in Sumerian pronunciation.In the most distant times, Sumerian words probably started with a consonant. Multiple Choice Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer.1. Sumerian /a/ is pronounced like the: a) /a/ in ‘at’ b) /a/ in ‘father’ c) /e/ in ‘grey’ 2. Sumerian /e/ is pronounced like the: a) /e/ in ‘doer’ b) /e/ in ‘every’ c) /e/...
Sumerian Lesson 4: Emphasis and Stops
Lesson 4 Sumerian Glottal-Stops and Word Emphasis In this lesson, you’ll learn about Sumerian glottal stops and word emphasis. Technically, you don't need this lesson, so if you'd prefer, you can jump to Lesson 5 now. However, proper Sumerian pronunciation is part of what separates the amateurs from the pros, so I highly recommend giving it a read! Need a Refresher on How to Pronounce Sumerian? Go Back to Lesson 2 - How to Pronounce SumerianGo Back to Lesson 3 - How to Pronounce Sumerian Ĝ Helpful Terms glottal stop: a brief stop, gap, or catch in a sound, such...