Online Sumerian Dictionary
I’ll be adding words and definitions with each Sumerian language lesson I post. This is an exceptionally detailed dictionary, and I made sure to format it so it was easy on the eyes!
A
a: 𒀀 (A/DURU5/ÉR/E4) /a/áya/ea/
- n.,
- water, fluid
- semen,, seed
- offspring, child, progeny
- canal, watercourse
- tears
- flood
- bird-cry
- part. suff., (-a)
- in, at, where, wherein, when (locative-terminitive case marker)
- nominalizing suffix
- interj., alas!
a-a: 𒀀𒀀 (A.A)
- n., father.
ab: 𒀊 (AB/ABBA/ÈŠ) /ab/ap/
- n.,
- lake, sea
- hole, opening, window, vent
- niche, nook
- part., inf., (-b-) when preceded by /a/ {a + b = ab}
- by it/them (erg. inf.)
- following /ga-/ -b- refers to direct object ‘it’
àb: 𒀖 (ÁB/LID) /lid/lit/ab/
- n., cow (domestic).
a-ba: 𒀀𒁀
- pron., int., Who?
a-bí-sí-im-ti 𒀀𒉈𒍣𒋾
- n queen or noble woman from Ur III period written as a-bí-sí-im-ti. (British Museum. (n.d.). Clay tag [Artifact No. BM 022018]. Girsu (mod. Tello), Ur III Period (ca. 2100-2000 BC). British Museum, London, UK.)
a-gin7: 𒀀𒄀
- adv.,
- int., How? (in that way)
áĝ: 𒉘 (ÁĜA/ÁG/RE(NINDA2xNE)) /aĝ/ram/
- v.,
- to measure
- to check
ak: 𒀝 (AG/AK/AKA/A5/KID3/ME6) /ag/ak/aq/
- v.,
- to do, act
- to make into
- to place
- prep., suff., of (gen. case marker).
àm: 𒀀𒀭 (A.AN) /am/
- v., he/she/it is (enclitic cop.)
ama: 𒂼 (AM/DAGAL/(GÁxAN))
- n., mother.
an: 𒀭 (AN/DIĜIR) /an/
- n.,
- sky, heaven
- date cluster
- An (god of the celestial sky)
- v., to be high.
- adj., high.
- prep., in front.
- part., inf., (-an-)
- when preceded by /a/ {a+n}
- he/she, it/they
- by him/her (in some OB texts)
- when preceding √+(e)š)
- by them
- when preceded by /a/ {a+n}
a-na: 𒀀𒈾 (A.NA)
- pron./adv., int., What? Who (impersonal)?
- part., pron. suff., in his/her (loc.), of his/her (gen.) (before OB).
a-ne: 𒀀𒉈 (A.NE)
- part., pron. suff.,
- his/her (erg.) (before OB)
- with -àm, (it is) his/her, he/she (before OB)
a-ne-ne: 𒀀𒉈𒉈 (A.NE.NE)
- part., pron. suff., their (abs., erg.) (before OB)
a-ni: 𒀀𒉌 (A.NI)
- pron., (ind./pron. suff.) his/her (pers.) (abs.) (before OB).
anše: 𒀲 (ANŠE)
- n., donkey, equid, pack animal.
apin: 𒀳 (ÀBSIN/APIN/ENGAR/URU4)
- n., plow.
aš: 𒀸 (AŠ/DIŠ/DILI/DIDLI/GE15) /aš/dil/rum/rù/ge/
- v.,
- to be single, unique, alone
- to be one
B
ba: 𒁀 (BA) /ba/
- n., share, portion, ration, wages, allotment.
- v.,
- to give
- to apportion, divide, distribute, to allot
- to pay
- part.,
- pref., (ba-)
- middle voice indicator
- indicates an indirect reflexive (doing something for one’s own benefit/detriment
- indicates a spontaneous (agentless) change in state
- indicates passive voice with intransitive forms
- can act as ablative marker (away from)
- middle voice indicator
- inf., (-ba-)
- it/they/them when preceded by /a/ {a+b} (loc-term.)
- indirect object infix
- suff., (-ba)
- pron. suff., in/of its (loc., term., gen.)
- adv. suff., here
- pref., (ba-)
babbar: 𒌓 (BABBAR/U4/UD/UT/TUA/UTU) /liḫ/par/pir/tam/ud/ut/uţ/ḫiš/
- v., to be white (alt. bábbar 𒌓𒌓)
banšur 𒍎 (BANŠUR/(URU x URUDA))
- n.,
- table
- altar, offering table
bé: 𒁉 (BÉ/BI/BIZ/ÉBIR/ÉPIR/GAŠ/KA8/KÁŠ/KAŠ/PÉ/PÍ/SA18/SIRIS4/SU15/ŠA21/ŠU13) /bé/pé/bi/pí/kaš/
- v.,
- to diminish, lessen
- to speak, say, mention
- to chirp, buzz, hum, twitter
- to howl, cry
- conj., and.
- part.,
- pref., conjugational prefix
- suff.,
- its (erg.)
- with -àm, (it is) its
- suff., this/that (one) (pers./impers.) (near to speaker)
- suff, adverbial force suffix
bi: 𒁉 (BÉ/BI/BIZ/ÉBIR/ÉPIR/GAŠ/KA8/KÁŠ/KAŠ/PÉ/PÍ/SA18/SIRIS4/SU15/ŠA21/ŠU13) /bé/pé/bi/pí/kaš/
- v.,
- to diminish, lessen
- to speak, say, mention
- to chirp, buzz, hum, twitter
- to howl, cry
- con., and.
- part.,
- pref., conjugational prefix
- suff.,
- pron. suff., its (sg./pl.) (abs.) (impers.).
- dem. suff., this/that (one) (pers./impers.) (near to speaker)
- adv. suff, adverbial force suffix
bí 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/
- part.,
- pref., conjugational prefix
- syllable used in spelling
bur 𒁓 (BUR/NÍG/gunû) /bur/pur/
- n.,
- offering of food
- sacrifice
- shallow bowl (stone), platter, shallow vessel, pot
- meal, mealtime
- priest
bur-saĝ: 𒁓𒊕
- n.,
- servant
- building
D
da: 𒁕 (DA/ŢA) /da/ţa/
- n.,
- arm
- edge, side, line
- near, close
- v.,
- to hold
- to protect
- to be near
- prep., suff., (-da) with (com. case marker)
- conj., and (OA)
dab5: 𒂉 (DAB5/DÚR/DÚRU/DURUN/KU/TUKUL/TÚŠ/ŠE10) /ku/qú/dab/
- v.,
- to seize, take, catch
- to hold
- to bind, tie (up)
- to envelop, overwhelm
- to accept
- to take charge of
- to take away
dam: 𒁮 (DAM) /dam/ţam)
- n., spouse, husband, wife.
dam-gàr 𒁮𒃼
- n., merchant, trader
diĝir: 𒀭 (AN/DIĜIR) /an/
- n., deity, god.
- part., determinative indicating a deity (abbr. d).
dìlim: 𒇌 (not on wiki)
- n., oven, tannour.
dilmunki: 𒉌𒌇𒆠 (NI.TUKki)
- n., prop., Sumerian trading partner in the Persian Gulf between Mesopotamia and Indus Valley civilization, conquered by King Sargon II; a sacred city/territory which some speculate inspired the story of the Garden of Eden.
dú (tud/tu) 𒌅 (DÚ/TU/TUD/TUR5) /tu/ţu/ (sometimes tu-ud)
- v
- to give birth (to), bear a child
- to beget
- to be born
- to make, fashion, create
- to be reborn, transformed, changed
dù: 𒆕 (DÙ/GAK/KAK/KÀL/RÚ) /gag/kak/qaq
- v.,
- to build, to make
- to do, to perform
dub: 𒁾 (DUB.KÌŠIB)
- n., (clay) tablet, document.
- v.,
- to strew (with -ta-)
- to heap, pile
- to pour
- to circle, whirl up
- to (make) tremble, to shake
- to push (away/down)
- to abolish
- to smash
dub-sar: 𒁾𒊬 (DUB.SAR)
- n., scribe
dumu: 𒌉 (BÀN/DU13/DUMU/TUR) /tur/
- n., child, son, daughter (possibly pronounced /domu/).
dumu-mí: 𒌉𒊩 (DUMU.MÍ)
- n., daughter.
dumu-munus: 𒌉𒊩 (DUMU.MUNUS)
- n., daughter.
dumu-níta: 𒌉𒀴 (DUMU.NÍTA)
- n., son.
dúr: 𒂉 (DAB5/DÚR/DÚRU/DURUN/KU/TUKUL/TÚŠ/ŠE10) /ku/qú/dab/
- n.,
- anus, buttocks
- dwelling
- v.,
- to sit (down) (marû)
- to be seated, set down
- to break wind
- to dry out
- to occupy, dwell
duru5: 𒀀 (A/DURU5/ÉR/E4) /a/áya/ea/
- v.,
- to be soft, supple
- to be wet, damp, fresh
- to be irrigated
- adj., soft; wet, damp; fresh.
durun: 𒂉𒂉 (KU.KU)
- v.,
- to sit (down) (pl. marû/hamţu)
E
e: 𒂊 (E) /e/
- v.,
- to speak, to say
- to water
- to do (marû sg., hamţu pl.)
- conj., than (second member comparison).
- part.,
- inf., (-e-):
- [performed] by you (erg. sg. (hamţu))
- with you (com. sg.)
- to you (term. sg.)
- [away] from you (abl. sg.)
- by [means of] you (abl-inst. sg.)
- in/on you (loc. sg.)
- to/toward you (term. sg.)
- suff., (-e)
- ergative case marker
- directive case marker
- changes a hamţu root to marû stem
- pron. suff., [as for] this [one]
- prep. suff.,
- by, with respect to, per, regarding [the agent] (erg. case marker)
- prep., in, at, next to, beside
- interj., vocative interjection
- inf., (-e-):
é: 𒂍 (É) /bit/
- n.,
- house, household
- temple
- plot [of land]
é-gal: 𒂍𒃲 (É.GAL)
- n., palace.
eme: 𒅴 (EME/KAxME)
- n.,
- tongue, language
- speech
- plow’s share
en: 𒂗 (EN) /en/
- n.,
- lord, dignitary
- high priest
- diviner
- ancestor [statue]
- v., to rule.
- adj., noble.
èn: 𒇷 (LE/LI) /le/li/
- n. time.
- prep., until.
- pron., he/she, him/her (rare OB).
e-na: 𒂊𒈾 (E.NA)
- part., pron. suff., in his/her (loc.), of his/her (gen.) (OB).
e-ne: 𒂊𒉈 (E.NE)
- pron., (e-ne)
- he/she, him/her, that one (pers.)
- to whom (dat.) (OB)
- to you (pl.) (dat.) (OB)
- part.,
- pref., (e-ne-) they/them (pl., pers.) {e-ne-√}
- inf., (-e-ne-) to you (pl.) (dat.) (OB)
- suff., (-(e)ne)
- pron. suff.,
- his/her (erg.) (OB)
- with -àm, (it is) his/her, he/she (OB)
- their (abs., erg.) (OB)
- plural marker for personal nouns
- -ne when precede by a vowel (before OB)
- they/them when immediately preceding the root verb {-e-ne-√}
- pron. suff.,
e-ne-ne: 𒂊𒉈𒉈 (E.NE.NE)
- pron., he/she, him/her (before OB).
- suff., pron. suff., their (abs., erg.) (OB).
den-líl: 𒀭𒂗𒆤 (EN.LÍL)
- n., prop., Sumerian god of the earthly sky.
e-ni: 𒂊𒉌 (E.NI)
- pron., (ind./pron. suff.) his/her (pers.) (abs.) (OB).
ereš 𒎏 (EREŠ/NIN) /nin/
- n., lady, queen.
ereš-diĝir 𒎏𒀭 (NIN.DIĜIR)
- n., priestess.
eš: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/
- v., to anoint.
- part., suff.,
- (-eš)
- by it (sg. (marû))
- by them (pl. (hamţu))
- (-eš/-še)
- to/toward (terminative case marker)
- they/them (pl. (hamţu))
- creates an adverb
- (-eš)
èš: 𒀊 (AB/ÈŠ) /ab/ap/
- n., shrine, sanctuary.
eš5 𒐈 (DIŠ.DIŠ.DIŠ/EŠ5) (alt. 𒀼 (AŠ.AŠ.AŠ/EŠ16)
- num., three.
G
ga: 𒂵(GA) /ga/qá/
- n., milk.
- v., to bring, carry.
- part.,
- pref., modal (ga-) (hamţu)
- may I, let me, I want to
- I shall
- let’s
- and, also, furthermore (with (i)n-))
- pref., modal (ga-) (hamţu)
ga-ab-šúm: 𒂵𒀊𒋧 (GA.AB.ŠÚM)
- n., seller (lit. let me it give)
gaba: 𒃮
- n.,
- chest, breast
- frontier, side (of field/mountain)
- coast (on the opposite side of the Tigris river)
gaba(-a) …tab: 𒃮 𒋰
- v., to hold to one’s chest.
gal: 𒃲 (GAL) /gal/qal/kál
- v.,
- to be big, great
- to be retired
- to be former
- to be mature (male animals)
- adj.,
- big, great
- retired
- former
- mature (male animals)
gàr: 𒃼 (GÀR)
- n.,
- cake, baked product, breads
- knob
gaz: 𒄤 (GAZ/GAS/(GUMxŠE))
- v.,
- to kill, execute, slaughter
- to break, crumble, grind, grate
- to smash, crush
ge: 𒄀 (GI/GE/GIN7/SIG17/SISIG) /ge/gi/
- part syllable used for spelling, often between words ending with /g/ and beginning with /e/ {zig + eš = zi-ge-eš}
gen (ĝen) (ĜEN/ĜIN/GEN) 𒁺 (DU/GIN/GEN/ĜIN/ĜÉN/GUB/KAŠ5/KIN7/RÁ/RI6/TÚM/DE6) /du/kub/kup/ţù/de/tum
- n constancy, reliability, steadiness.
- v
- to come/go (hamţu (sg.) of du)
- to come (with dative or -ši-) (sg. h. (du,re7, súb)
- to send
- to flow
- adj
- firm, solid
- ordinary
gi 𒄀 (GI/GE/GIN7/SIG17/SISIG) /ge/gi/
- n.,
- reed
- measuring reed
- unit of length (6 kuš3 = approx. 3 meters)
- essence
- judgement
gi7: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/
- v.,
- to be native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
- to be noble
- adj.,
- native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
- noble
gibil: 𒉋 (BIL/BÍL/GIBIL(NE+šešgig)) /bíl/
- v.,
- to be new, fresh
- to (make new), renew, renovate
gìn: 𒆳 (KUR/GÌN) kur/lad/lat/mad/mat/nad/nat/šad/šat
- n.,
- mountain(s)
- lapis lazuli
gin7: 𒄀 (GI/GE/GIN7/SIG17/SISIG) /ge/gi/
- part., suff., (-gin7) equative case marker
- like, as, just as
- instead of
- during
gir15: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/
- v.,
- to be native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
- to be noble
- adj.,
- native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
- noble
gu7 (kú)𒅥 (GU7/KÚ(KAxGAR))
- n
- food, sustenance
- fodder
- angle
- v
- to eat, consume, devour, swallow
- to use
- to finish (off)
- to feed, nurse
- to benefit (with -ni-)
Ĝ
ĝá: 𒂷 (GÁ/ĜÁ/ĜE26)
- v., to go, come (imperative of du).
- part., pron. suff., in/of my (loc., gen.)
ĝál: 𒅅 (IG/IK/ĜÁL/GÁL) /eg/ek/eq/ig/ik/iq/
- v.,
- to exist
- to be (somewhere, there, available)
- to produce
- to cause to be
- to provide
- to be in the care/possession of (w/ -da)
- to be possible (w/ -da)
- to put, place, lay (something down) (w/ -ni-/-bi-)
- to place/put into (w/ -ši-)
- to be with (w/ -da-)
- to take an oath
- to dwell
- to have
- to guard, protect
- to open
ĝe6 (ĝi6): 𒈪 MI (MI/ĜI6/GÍG/GE6) /mé/mi/ĝi/giggi/
- n., night.
- adj., black, dark.
- v., to be black, dark (ku10 reduplicated marû).
ĝe26: 𒂷 (GÁ/ĜÁ/ĜE26)
- pron., I, me, myself.
ĝen (gen) (ĜEN/ĜIN/GEN) 𒁺 (DU/GIN/GEN/ĜIN/ĜÉN/GUB/KAŠ5/KIN7/RÁ/RI6/TÚM/DE6) /du/kub/kup/ţù/de/tum
- n., constancy, reliability, steadiness
- v.,
- to come/go (hamţu (sg.) of du)
- to come (with dative or -ši-) (sg. h. (du,re7, súb)
- to send
- to flow
- adj.,
- firm, solid
- ordinary
ĝi6 (ĝe6): 𒈪 MI (MI/ĜI6/GÍG/GE6) /mé/mi/ĝi/giggi/
- n., night.
- adj., black, dark.
- v., to be black, dark (ku10 reduplicated marû).
ĝir15: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/
- v.,
- to be native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
- to be noble
- adj.,
- native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
- noble
ĝu10: 𒈬 (MU/MUḪALDIM/ĜU10) /mu/ĝu/
- pron., suff., my, mine (abs., erg.)
Ḫ
ḫa 𒄩 (A7/ḪA/KUA/KUD/KU6) /ḫa/
- part., pref., verbal prefix may, let, indeed (precative, affirmative).
ḫar: 𒄯 (ÀRA/ḪAR/ḪUR/MUR/UR5/(ḪIxÁŠ)) aara/mur/ḫar/ḫur/
- n., ring.
ḫi: 𒄭 (DÙG/DÙG/DU10/I11/ḪE/ḪÍ) / ḫé/ḫí/ì/
- v.,
- to mix (up)
- to process
ḫuĝ: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/
- v.,
- to pacify, abate
- to hire, rent
- to introduce
- to rest
ḫúl: 𒄾 (ḪÚL/BIBRA/BIBRI/KUŠ8)
- n., joy, rejoicing.
- v., to rejoice, be happy, delight (in).
- adj., joyous.
ḫur: 𒄯 (ÀRA/ḪAR/ḪUR/MUR/UR5/(ḪIxÁŠ)) /ara/mur/ḫar/ḫur/
- v., to scratch, draw, incise.
ḫur-saĝ: 𒄯𒊕 (ḪUR.SAĜ)
- n., mountain, foothills, steppe.
ḫuš: 𒍽 (ḪUŠ)
- v.,
- to be angry
- to be reddish, ruddy
- adj.,
- reddish, ruddy
- fiery red
- furious, angry
- terrible, awesome
- wild (of animals)
I
ì: 𒉌 (DIG/IA/Ì/NI/ZAL) /i/ì/lí/né/ni/zal/
- n.,
- butter, oil, fat, cream
- oil container
- part., pref., conjugational prefix (indicates distance from speaker)
íb: 𒌈 (TUM/ÍB/EGIR4) /dàm/tam4/dum/tum/du4/tu4/éb/ép/íb/íp/tím/
- n.,
- hips
- middle
- v.,
- to be angry
- to curse
- part., conjugational prefix
- as a stand-alone prefix (íb-√) referring to the agent (3rd imp.) (erg.)
- as a prefix to a dimensional infix (da/ta/ši/ra) referring to the patient (3rd pl./sg.)
- , (-b-) by it, when preceded by /i/ {i+b = ib} (erg.)
im: 𒅎 (EM/IM/IŠKUR/NÍ/TUM9/TU15) /em/im/ni/
- n.,
- clay, mud, loam
- tablet
- rain, rainstorm, storm
- wind, weather, cloud
- direction
im-ri-a: 𒅎𒊑𒀀 (IM.RI.A)
- n., family, clan, relatives.
in: 𒅔 (IN) /in/
- n.,
- abuse
- insult, offense
- sector
- straw
- part.,
- pref., conjugational prefix
- as a stand-alone prefix (in-√) referring to 3rd sg./pl. agent
- as a 3rd sg. prefix referring to the patient
- as a 3rd sg. prefix in negated copula (in-nu: it was not )
- inf., (-n-)
- when preceded by /i/ {i+n}
- he/she, him/her
- by him/her (erg.)
- when preceded by √+(e)š
- by them
- dimensional prefix (-n-) (before da/ta/ši) when preceded by an /i/ {i+n} (3rd sg. pers.).
- when preceded by /i/ {i+n}
- pref., conjugational prefix
inim: 𒅗 (GÙ/ZÚ/DUG4/DU11/KA/KIR4/GIRI17/INIM/I5) /ka/kag/
- n.,
- word
- statement
- command, order, decree
- oath, agreement
- matter (affairs), concern, subject
- num., seven (7).
- adv., many, all.
iri: 𒌷 (URU/IRI) /uru/iri/eri
- n.,
- city, town, village
- district
iš: 𒅖 (IŠ/ISIŠ/KUŠ7/SAḪAR/UKUM) /iš/mil/iš/iši/kuš/mel/saḫar/ukum/
- n.,
- mountain(s)
- sand dune
iti 𒌚 (UD šešig/(UD x EŠ)ITI/ITU/TI10/(UDxEŠ)) /itu/itud/
- n.,
- month
- moon
- moonlight
itud (itim, itid) 𒌗((UDxU.U.U)/DU16/ITI/ITU/ITUD/TI10)
- n.,
- month
- moon
- moonlight
izi 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/
- n., fire, brazier.
K
ka 𒅗 (GÙ/ZÚ/DUG4/DU11/KA/KIR4/GIRI17/INIM/I5) /ka/kag/
- n.,
- mouth
- opening
- beginning, inception, origin
kalag: 𒆗 (ESI/GURUŠ/KAL/KALA/KALAG/LAMMA/SIG15) /dan/kal/lab/lap/líb/líp/rib/rip/tan/
- v.,
- to be strong, mighty, powerful
- to strengthen, reinforce
- to repair, mend
- to provide (for)
- adj., strong, swift
kalam: 𒌦 (UN/KALAM/KANAM/ÙG/ÙĜ/ÙKU) /un/uĝ/
- n., country, land, nation (usually Sumer).
- n., prop the Land (of Sumer).
kam 𒄰 (ḪI x BAD)/DU15/KAM/TU7/ÚTUL) /gám/qám/kam
- v., to tune.
ke4 𒆤 (GÉ/KID/LÍL/SAḪ) /kid/kit/qid/qit/saḫ/
- part., syllable used in spelling {ak + e = a-ke4}
ki: 𒆠 (KI) ke/qé/ki/qí
- n.,
- earth
- ground
- area, location, place
- grain
- prep.,
- where
- wherever, whenever
- behind
ki aĝ: 𒆠𒉘(KI.ÁĜ)
- v.,
- to love
- to show affection
ki-en-gi-ra: 𒆠𒂗𒄀𒊏
- n., prop., (land of) Sumer; Sumeria.
kíĝ (kin): 𒆥 (KIN/KÍĜ/SAGA11) /qe/qi/
- n., message, order, task, work
- v.,
- to seek, fetch (with directive -ni-)
- to send
- to order (reduplication marû)
- to work
- to be pointed
- adj., pointed.
kíĝ-sig: 𒆥𒋝
- n., meal (afternoon/evening).
kiš 𒆧 (KIŠ) /kis/qis/kiš/qiš/
- n.,
- totality
- world
- entirety of geopolitical world
kisal: 𒆦 (KISAL/PAR4)
- n.,
- courtyard
- weight measure
ki-šár: 𒆠𒊹 (KI.ŠÁR)
- n.,
- totality, whole earth, horizon
- everywhere
kiški 𒆧𒆠 (KIŠ.KI)
- n., prop., Sumerian city occupied from 5300 – 4300 BC, located near Tell al-Uhaymir in modern Iraq.
kú (gu7) 𒅥 (GU7/KÚ(KAxGAR))
- n.,
- food, sustenance
- fodder
- angle
- v.,
- to eat, consume, devour, swallow
- to use
- to finish (off)
- to feed, nurse
- to benefit (with -ni-)
kù (kug): 𒆬 (KUG/KÙ) /kug/
- n.,
- metal
- silver, precious metal
- money
- v.,
- to be pure
- to be holy, sacred
- to purify, sanctify
- adj.,
- bright, white
- pure, sacred, holy
ku4 (kur9) 𒆭 (KU4/KUR9) (reduplicated class stem sun5)
- n., entrance.
- v.,
- to enter, make enter, enter before (with dative pref.), let enter (with -ni-), enter into the presence of (with -ši-)
- to turn around
- to bring (in), introduce, deliver (with -ni (location))
- to become, turn into, to transform (with -da-)
- to be declared
- to be made liable for
kud (ku6) 𒄩 (A7/ḪA/KUA/KUD/ KU6) /ḫa/
- n., fish.
- part., suff., determinative suffix indicating a class of fish.
kug (kù): 𒆬 (KUG/KÙ) /kug/
- n.,
- metal
- silver, precious metal
- money
- v.,
- to be pure
- to be holy, sacred
- to purify, sanctify
- adj.,
- bright, white
- pure, sacred, holy
kur: 𒆳 (KUR/GÌN) kur/lad/lat/mad/mat/nad/nat/šad/šat
- n.,
- mountain(s), highland
- foreign land
- underworld, netherworld
- v.,
- to reach, attain
- to rise
- to kindle, to light up, to ignite
- to burn
kur9 (ku4) 𒆭 (KU4/KUR9) (reduplicated class stem sun5)
- n., entrance.
- v.,
- to enter, make enter, enter before (with dative pref.), let enter (with -ni-), enter into the presence of (with -ši-)
- to turn around
- to bring (in), introduce, deliver (with -ni (location))
- to become, turn into, to transform (with -da-)
- to be declared
- to be made liable for
L
la: 𒆷 (LA/ŠIKA) /la/
- n.,
- plenty, abundance
- wealth, luxury
- happiness, joy, bliss
- youthfulness
- wish, desire
- lust
- part., prefix (la-) no, is not, without (with -ba-)
le 𒇷 (LE/LI) /le/li/
- part., syllable used for spelling
líl: 𒆤 (GÉ/KID/LÍL/SAḪ) /kid/kit/qid/qit/saḫ/
- n.,
- air, wind, breath
- outdoors, open air/country
- emptiness, nothingness
- ghost, phantom, spirit (of a place)
lú: 𒇽 (LÚ) /lu/
- n.,
- man
- male
- human being, person
- gentleman
- pron.,
- who(m), which
- someone, anyone, no one
lugal: 𒈗 (LUGAL/ḪÁNIŠ)
- n.,
- king
- owner, master, lord
M
ma: 𒈠 (MA/PÈŠ) /ma/
- part., suff., (-ma)
- and, but
- expresses emphasis
maḫ 𒈤 (MAḪ/MAH)
- v.,
- to be high, lofty, exalted
- to be great, large, magnificent
- to make large
- to be chief, senior
- adj.,
- high, exalted, great, lofty
- foremost
- sublime
máš: 𒈧 (MÁŠ) /maš/
- n.,
- goat, kid (masc.)
- sacrificial animal
- interest (on debt, yield, etc.)
- rent
- profit
- produce, yield (crop)
- v., to inspect, scrutinize
me: 𒈨 (IŠIB/ME/MÉŠ) /me/mì/šib/šip/
- n.,
- function, office, responsibility
- ideal [norm]
- divine power
- divine decree
- oracle
- cult [ordinance]
- v.,
- I am, you are (en. cop.) (OS)
- they are (en. cop.) (NS)
- to say/tell
- adv., int., where?
- in where (with -a)
- from where, whither? (with -ta
- to(ward) where, whence? (with -šè)
- part.,
- inf., (-me-) to us (dat.) (OB)
- suff., (-me) our (abs., erg., gen.)
mè: 𒀞 (MÈ/AKxÉRIN)
- n., battle, combat.
me-en: 𒈨𒂗 (ME.EN)
- v., I am/you are (en. cop.)
me-en-dè-en: 𒈨𒂗𒉈𒂗 (ME.EN.DÈ.EN)
- v., we are (en. cop.)
me-en-zé-en: 𒈨𒂗𒍢𒂗 (ME.EN.ZÉ.EN)
- v., you are (pl.) (en. cop.)
me-eš: 𒈨𒂠 (ME.EŠ)
- v., they are (pl.) (en. cop.)
mi: 𒈪 MI (MI/ĜI6/GÍG/GE6) /mé/mi/ĝi/giggi/
- part., syllable used in spelling.
mí: 𒊩 (MÍ/MUNUS/SAL) /rag/rak/raq/šal/
- n., woman, female.
- adj., female, feminine.
mu: 𒈬 (MU/MUḪALDIM/ĜU10) /mu/ĝu/
- n.,
- name
- word
- year
- line [on a tablet], [an] entry [in a record]
- oath
- v.,
- to name
- to speak
- prep., because.
- part., pref., (mu-)
- hither, fourth (adv.)
- conjugation prefix (may suggest involvement by speaker)
mul: 𒀯 (MUL)
- n.,
- celestial body, star, planet, constellation, meteor
- arrow
- v.,
- to (let) glow, to shine, to sparkle, to radiate [light or branches]
- to show
- det., pref., determinative indicating class of celestial bodies.
munus: 𒊩 (MÍ/MUNUS/SAL) /rag/rak/raq/šal/
- n., woman, female.
- adj., female.
- part., det. pref., determinative indicating the name of a female.
muš: 𒈲 (MUŠ)
- n., snake, reptile.
- adj., bitter.
muš-ḫuš 𒈲 𒍽
n., monster
N
na: 𒈾(NA) /na/
- n.,
- man (OB)
- incense
- pebble, rock
- hailstone
- stone weight
- token
- part.,
- pref., modal prefix
- emphatic (past tense)
- prohibitive may he/she not, he/she shall not (present/future tense)
- inf., (-na-) to him/her (dat.).
- suff., pron. suff., he/she, that one.
- pref., modal prefix
nag (naĝ/na8) 𒅘 (NAĜ/NAG/NA8/(KAxA)) /nag/nak/naq/ (reduplicated form of na8-na8 𒅘𒅘 marû)
- n., a drink.
- v.,
- to drink
- to irrigate, to water
na4 𒎎 (IA4/NA4/ZÁ)
- n.,
- stone
- pebble, rock
- stone weight
- tolken
- hailstone
- part., pref., determinitive prefix indicating a type of stone.
naĝ (nag/na8) 𒅘 (NAĜ/NAG/NA8/(KAxA)) /nag/nak/naq/ (reduplicated form of na8-na8 𒅘𒅘 marû)
- n., a drink.
- v.,
- to drink
- to irrigate, to water
nam: 𒉆 (NAM/SIM/BIR5) /nam/sim/bir/
- n.,
- being, state
- fate, destiny, determined order, lot
- testament, will
- area of responsibility, office
- governor
- province
- sign
- manner, way
- adv., because of (w/ -še)
- part., pref., (nam-) -ship, -ness
na-me: 𒈾𒈨 (NA.ME)
- pron., some, any, none.
dnanna: 𒀭𒋀𒆠 (DŠEŠ.KI) /nanna/
- prop. n., Sumerian god of the Moon.
ne: 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/
- n., brazier.
- part.,
- inf., (-ne-)
- his/her
- they/them (dimensional)
- to/with/toward them (pers.) (dat., com., term.)
- suff., (-ne)
- his/her
- this (one here) (rare)
- by/for them (erg.)
- (-(e)ne) plural marker for personal nouns
- -e-ne when preceded by a consonant {C+ene} (in all cases in OB and later)
- inf., (-ne-)
ni: 𒉌 (DIG/IA/Ì/NI/ZAL) /i/ì/lí/né/ni/zal/
- part.,
- inf., (-ni-) indicates his/her/its location or direction (loc.-term.)
- suf., (-(a)ni) his/her when following a vowel
níĝ: 𒃻 (GAR/NÍĜ/NÍG/NÍK/NINDA/NÌ/ŠÁ) /gar/šá/
- n.,
- thing
- possession, property, treasure
- valuables, assets
- [a] matter
- pron.,
- ind., something
- rel., which
nim: 𒉏 (NIM/NUM/DIḪ/ELAM) /nim/elam/num/
- n.,
- fly, insect
- highland
- east
- morning
- easterner
- v.,
- to be high, elevated
- to multiply
- to be early
- adj., high, early.
- adv., above.
nin: 𒎏 (EREŠ/NIN) /nin/
- n., lady, mistress, owner (f.), lord (f.), queen.
nin9: 𒎐 (NIN9)
- n., sister.
dnin-ḫur-saĝ 𒀭𒎏𒄯𒊕: (DNIN.ḪUR.SAĜ)
- n., prop., the first Sumerian mother/earth goddess who was involved in the creation of human beings.
níta: 𒀴 (ARAD/ÌR/NÍTA/NÍTAḪ) /èr/ìr/
- n., male.
- adj., male, masculine.
nu (not). 𒉡 (NU) /nu/ v to not be, no
- n.,
- image, picture, likeness
- statue, figurine
- adv., not, no, without
nun 𒉣 (ERIDU/ERIDUG/NUN) /nun/síl/zil/eridug/
- n.,
- object (metal)
- prince
- noble, master
- v., to rise up.
- adj.,
- best, foremost
- great
- noble
- fine
- deep
P
paḫ: 𒈜 (LUL/NAR/PAḪ)
- n., leg.
R
ra: 𒊏 (RA) /ra/
- part., (-ra-)
- inf.,
- away to (abl.)
- to you (sg.) (dat.)
- to/for (dat.)
- suff., to/for (dative case marker)
- inf.,
rá: 𒁺 (DU/GIN/GUB/KAŠ5/KIN7/RÁ/RI6/TÚM) /du/kub/kup/ţù/
- v.,
- to accompany
- to lead
- to bear
- to go
- to drive along/away
- to stir, to mix
- to multiply
ri: 𒊑 (DAL/RI/ŠA7) /dal/ţal/re/ri/tal/ša7/
- v.,
- to lie (upon)
- to place (upon/against) (w/ -ši-)
- to press upon
- to put onto/into
- to oppress, impose
- to cover
- to affix
- to lay down, erect, found, cast
- to equip with
- to mix into
- to throw
- to pour
- to be located
- to touch
- to moor
- to break (open)
- to expel, remove, throw away, sweep away (w/ -ta-)
- to beget
- to blow (storm)
- to emit
- to inundate
- to exchange
- to take, gather
- to glean, pull, pick
- to plan (hamţu)
- to accompany
- to lead, drive along
- to be distant
- to tend
- adj., distant, far.
- part., dem. pref., that/those (way over there).
S
sa 𒊓 (SA) /sa/
- n.,
- sinew, tendon
- gut
- catgut string, cord, string (of a musical instrument)
- net
- mat
- reed-bundle
- bunch
- entry (lexical)
- jewelry
- v., to roast, parch.
sa10: 𒉚 (NÍNDAxŠE/SA10/SÁM) /sam/sa/
- v.,
- to measure out (grain—comparison)
- to be equivellant
- to barter
- to buy, pay for (with -ši-)
- to sell, be paid for (w/ -ra-)
sal: 𒊩 (MÍ/MUNUS/SAL) /rag/rak/raq/šal/
- n., uterus, vulva.
- v.,
- to be(come) narrow, thin, fine
- to be wide, spacious
- to spread
- to be frivolous
- to persist
- to belittle
- pref., det., determinative indicating the name of a female.
sig: 𒋝 (SIG) /sig/sik/siq/šig/šik/šiq/
- v., to be weak, slow, thin, narrow.
- adj.,
- low
- late
- small
- narrow
- weak
sila: 𒋻 (TAR/KUD/KUR5/SILA/ḪAŠ) /kuř/
- n.,
- street, path, road, trail
- market (place)
- bait
- dues (outstanding)
- heel
sud: 𒋤(SER/SIR/SUD/SÙ) /šud/šut/šuţ/
- v.,
- to be/make remote, far away, lasting
- to stretch, elongate
- to be profound
- to wag
- to rejoice, feel delight
- to sip
- to sprinkle, strew
- to furnish, provide
- to immerse, sink, drown (red.)
- adj., long.
saĝ: 𒊕 (SAG/SAĜ) /ris/riš/sag/sak/saq/san/šag/šak/šaq/
- n.,
- head
- man, person, human, individual
- capital
- point
- leader
- present
- gift
- slave, servant
- front (side), beginning
- surface, top
- adj., first, prime.
- prep., in front.
sar: 𒊬 (KIRI6/MÚ/SAKAR/SAR/SÁḪAR/ŠAKAR/ŠÀR) /šar/
- n.,
- garden
- area, volume
- surface measurement (garden plot)
- v.,
- to write, inscribe
- to run, hasten
- to insert, enter
- to begin
- to pay, deliver
- to drive, chase away (with -ta-)
- adj., driven/chased away, pursued.
- part., suff., det., determinative suffix indicating a class of greens or vegetables (obsolete)
si 𒋛 (SI/MA/SIG9) /se/si/sig/
- n.,
- horn(s), antenna(e)
- line
- ray(s)
- light
- plowland
- finger
- fret
- v.,
- to fill, load up
- to draw water
- to brew beer
- to remember
- to stand upright, be straight
- to be in order
- to become still
- to survey
- to inundate, be full of, be sufficient, enough
- to increase
- to compensate, repay, replace
- adj.,
- regular, normal
- suitable, fit
sí 𒍣 (SÉ/SÍ/ZI/ZID/ZÌG) /sé/sí/ze/ṣé/ṣí/
- part., syllable used in spelling.
sìla 𒋡
- n.,
- unit of capacity/volume
- litre (approximate)
- vessel
- cut (of meat)
- fragment
su 𒍪 (ZU/SU) /sú/zu/ṣú/
- n.,
- flesh
- body
- skin, animal hide
- relatives
- substitute
- entrails (omen)
- adj., naked
- v., to sink, submerge
Š
šà (šag4) : 𒊮 (ŠÀ/ŠAG4) /šà/šag/
- n.,
- heart
- inside of the body
- intestines, gut, stomach, abdomen, entrails
- womb
- body
- will, volition
- mood
- meaning, sugnificance
- prep., in, at, inside, interior, middle, midst.
šag4 (šà): 𒊮 (ŠÀ/ŠAG4) /šà/šag/
- n.,
- heart
- inside of the body
- intestines, gut, stomach, abdomen, entrails
- womb
- body
- will, volition
- mood
- meaning, sugnificance
- prep in, at, inside, interior, middle, midst.
šár: 𒊹 (ŠÁR) /ŠÀR/
- n.,
- totality, world, horizon, ball
- counter, token
- v.,
- to be numerous
- to mix (with -da-), make abundant
- to be perfect
- to slaughter
- to request, implore (red.)
- adj., many, numerous, innumerable.
- num., 3600
šè: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/
- n., portion.
- part., suff.,
- (-še/-eš) to/toward, up to, until (term. case marker)
- (-še/-eš) they/them (pl. (hamţu))
- (-še/-eš) creates an adverb
še6 (šeĝ6/šeg6): 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6/ŠEG6/ŠE6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/
- v.,
- to heat, cook, bake, boil
- to be hot
- to dry a field (red. m.)
- to fire (pottery)
šeg6 (šeĝ6/še6)𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6/ŠEG6/ŠE6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/
- v.,
- to heat, cook, bake, boil
- to be hot
- to dry a field (red. m.)
- to fire (pottery)
šeĝ6 (še6/šeg6): 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6/ŠEG6/ŠE6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/
- v.,
- to heat, cook, bake, boil
- to be hot
- to dry a field (red. m.)
- to fire (pottery)
šen: 𒊿 (ALAL/DUR10/PÌSAN/ŠEN/(SUxA))
- n.,
- battle, combat
- cauldron
- v., to be pure, clear
šeš: 𒋀 (SES/ÙRI/ÙRU/ŠEŠ/ŠIZ) /sis/siš/šiš/
- n.,
- brother
- colleague
- junior worker, assistant
ši: 𒅆 (IGI/ŠI/LIM/GI8) /lem/lim/ši/
- v., to become tired.
- part.,
- pref., modal prefix which alters mood of verb
- inf., terminative infix (after OS)
šu 𒋗 (ŠU) /šu/
- n.,
- hand
- share, portion, bundle
- strength
- control
- handwriting
- responsibility
- pestle, muller, pounding stone
- v., to pour.
šul 𒂄 (DUN/ŠUL) /dun/šáḫ/šul/
- n.,
- a youth, young man
- warrior
- invader
- v.,
- to be manly
- to hurry, hasten
- to rub into the skin
- adj.,
- manly
- masculine
- young
- strong
- heroic, splendid
- proud
dšul-gi 𒀭𒂄𒄀 (DŠUL.GI)
- n., an equid.
- n., prop., Son of Ur-Nammu, the first Sumerian king of the Third Dynasty of Ur, who reigned for 48 years, sometime between c 2100-1980 BCE. He is credited with building the Great Ziggurat of Ur.
šúm: 𒋧 (SÌ/SUM/ŠÚM)
- n., garlic, onion
- v., to give, lend
šu-nim: 𒋗𒉏
- n., spring, springtime.
šu …dab5: 𒋗 …𒂉
- v., to take, accept, hold (in hand).
T
ta: 𒋫 (TA) /dá/ţá/ta/
- part.,
- inf., (-ta-) away from (abl.)
- suf., (-ta)
- away from, out of, since, after (abl.)
- by means of (inst.)
- creates an adverb
tab: 𒋰 (TAB/MIN6)
- n., disease, illness, sting, fever.
- num., two (2).
- v.,
- to grasp, hold
- to begin, start
- to burn
- to make/dye red
- to brand, mark
- to double (sometimes reduplicated marû)
- to repeat
- to partner
- to be parallell
- to flatten, lay flat
- to tremble, shake
- to hasten
- to join (w/-da-)
- adv., together (before verb).
ti: 𒋾 (DÌ/TE9/TI/TÌL/ŢE6) /dì/ti/
- n.,
- life
- rib
- arrow
- side
- v., to approach (hamţu)
- to live, be alive, keep alive
- to survive (with -da)
- to revive
- to dwell, reside
- to be halted
tir: 𒌁 (TIR) /ter/tir/
- n.,
- forest, grove, thicket
- bow
- mud,
- wood
tu (tud/dú) 𒌅 (DÚ/TU/TUD/TUR5) /tu/ţu/ (alt. ù-tu/ù-tud)
- v.,
- to give birth (to), bear a child.
- to beget
- to be born
- to make, fashion, create
- to be reborn, transformed, changed
tud (dú/tu) 𒌅 (DÚ/TU/TUD/TUR5) /tu/ţu/ (alt. tu-ud)
- v.,
- to give birth (to), bear a child
- to beget
- to be born
- to make, fashion, create
- to be reborn, transformed, changed
tuku 𒌇 (TUKU/TUG/TUK/DÚK/DU12/TU12) /tug/tuk/tuq/tuku
- n.,
- creditor
- v.,
- to have, own, possess
- to marry
- to acquire, obtain
- to receive, get (m. red.)
- to have a claim against someone (with -da-)
- to sing, play music
tur: 𒌉 (BÀN/DUMU/TUR) /tur/
- n.,
- child
- young (herd animals)
- second [in rank]
- v.,
- to be/make small
- to be insufficient
- to reduce
- adj., young, small, little.
tuš: 𒂉 (DAB5/DÚR/DÚRU/DURUN/KU/TUKUL/TÚŠ/ŠE10) /ku/qú/dab/
- n., home.
- v.,
- to sit, lie (down) (transitive)
- to sing
- to dwell, reside
- to be at home
- to settle
- to set up, establish
U
ù 𒅇 (Ù/IGI DIB) /ù/
- n.,
- sleep
- land
- v., to sleep.
- conj., and, but, also, furthermore, moreover.
- correlative, either… or, neither… nor.
- part., pref.,
- modal prefix ‘if’ (prospective)
- pronominal prefix in compound nouns to derive a more specific meaning
- prep., when, after.
- imperative, polite (please).
u4 (ud): 𒌓 (BABBAR/U4/UD/UT/TUA/UTU) /liḫ/par/pir/tam/ud/ut/uţ/ḫiš/
- n.,
- noise, voice, cry
- purslane (edible/medicinal plant)
- v., to bellow, bray, bawl.
ub 𒌒 (UB/ÁR) /ár/ub/up/
- n.,
- corner, angle
- nook, small room
- v., to enunciate.
u4-ba: 𒌓𒁀
- prep., phrase at that time, then, in those days.
ud (u4): 𒌓 (BABBAR/U4/UD/UT/TUA/UTU) /liḫ/par/pir/tam/ud/ut/uţ/ḫiš/
- n.,
- day
- time
- sun
- light
- weather
- storm
- heat
- fever
- summer
- demon (storm demon)
- prep., if, when, since.
ul4 𒄉 (GÍR gunû/KIŠI17/KÍŠIG/UL4) /ád/át/át/kišig/
- n.,
- anything, something
- terror
- vault of heaven, firmament
- v.,
- to be quick
- to hurry, hasten
- to harass
- to become bright, to shine
- to grind
- adv., greatly.
ul4-la-bi 𒄉𒆷𒁉
- adv., quickly, very soon.
un 𒌦 (UN/KALAM/KANAM/ÙG/ÙĜ/ÙKU) /un/uĝ/
- n., people, population.
- part., syllable used for spelling.
ur: 𒌨 (HUL/TÉŠ/UR) /lig/lik/liq/taš/teš/ur/
- n.,
- dog, lion, beast
- servant
- young man
- warrior
- enemy
- figurine, toy
- v., to tremble.
- adj., humble.
ús: 𒍑 (60/GÌŠ/NITA/NITAḪ/ÚS/UŠ) /uš/
- n.,
- foundation
- distance
- dimension (length, width)
- perpendicular
- side, edge
- unit (of length)
- vertical
- path
- v.,
- to support
- to lift
- to stand on
- to follow, accompany
- to drive
- to come near to, (let) reach
- to transport
- to bring
- to join
- to be next to, boarder, lean against
- to dock, moor
- to impose
- to be of less quality
- num., 60.
uš: 𒍑 (60/GÌŠ/NITA/NITAḪ/ÚS/UŠ) /uš/
- n.,
- foundation
- distance
- dimension (length, width)
- perpendicular
- side, edge
- unit (of length)
- vertical
- man
- penis
- v.,
- to support
- to lift
- to stand on
- to follow, accompany
- to drive
- to come near to, (let) reach
- to transport
- to bring
- to join
- to be next to, boarder, lean against
- to dock, moor
- num., 60.
- part., suff., (-uš) they/them (pers.) when the root verb ends in /u/.
úš: 𒍗 (ÚŠ)
- n.,
- blood, gore
- blood vessel
- death
- v.,
- to block, shut off
- to die
- to be dead
- to kill
- adj., dead.
uz: 𒊻 (ŠE ḪU/UZ) /uz/us/
- n., duck (wild).
uz-ga: 𒊻𒂵
- n.,
- priest
- cella, shrine
- treasure, goods
Z
za: 𒍝 (ZA) /sá/za/ṣ/
- n.,
- bead
- gem
- man
- v., to make noise
- pron., you (sg.) (abs.)
- part., pron. suff., in/on/to, of your (loc., dat., gen.).
zà: 𒍠 (ZÀ/ZAG) /zag/zak/zaq/
- n.,
- (right) side
- front
- shoulder
- outer edge, boarder, cusp
- outskirts, outer edge, frontier
- end, limit
- beginning
- district, place
- sanctuary
- percentage, measure (for fish)
- outside of
zag: 𒍠 (ZÀ/ZAG) /zag/zak/zaq/
- n.,
- (right) side
- front
- shoulder
- outer edge, boarder, cusp
- outskirts, outer edge, frontier
- end, limit
- beginning
- district, place
- sanctuary
- percentage, measure (for fish)
- outside of
zag-mu: 𒍠𒈬 (ZA(G).MU)
- n., [the] New Year
zé: 𒍢(ZÍ/ZÉ(ABxPA)) /zé/ṣe/zí/ṣi/
- n.,
- dirt, bile
- gall bladder
- pron., you (sg.)
zi: 𒍣 (SÉ/ZI/ZID/ZÌG) /sé/sí/ze/ṣé/ṣí/
- n.,
- life
- breath
- throat
- v.,
- to be faithful, righteous, true
- to rise, stand
- to issue
- to levy, raise, rouse, muster, recruit (zi-zi (marû))
- to swell
- to become excited
- to expend, to spend
- to (make) go out
- to tear out, uproot, weed, to take out, extract, remove, deduct
- to approach
- adj., high.
zìg: 𒍣 (SÉ/ZI/ZID/ZÌG) /sé/sí/ze/ṣé/ṣí/
- n., wall, partition.
- v.,
- to rise, stand
- to issue
- to levy, raise, rouse, muster, recruit (zi-zi (marû))
- to swell
- to become excited
- to expend, to spend
- to (make) go out
- to tear out, uproot, weed, to take out, extract, remove, deduct
- to approach
- adj., high.
zu: 𒍪 (ZU) /sú/zu/ṣú/
- n., wisdom, knowledge.
- v.,
- to know
- to learn, discover
- to experience
- to acknowledge, proclaim
- to inform, teach (reduplicated (marû))
- to be qualified, experienced
- part., pron. suff., your(s) (abs., erg.)
zuḫ: (ZÚ/ZUḪ) 𒅗 (KA/GÙ/ZÚ/DUG4/DU11/KIR4/GIRI17/ZUḪ/INIM/I5) /ka/kag/zu/kir4/kir/kiri/zu/dug
- v., to steal, rob.
zu-ne-ne: 𒍪𒉈𒉈 (ZU.NE.NE)
- part., pron. suff., your (abs., erg., gen.) (alt. zu-ne)