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Online Sumerian Dictionary

Online Sumerian Dictionary

I’ll be adding words and definitions with each Sumerian language lesson I post. This is an exceptionally detailed dictionary, and I made sure to format it so it was easy on the eyes!

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Ḫ

I

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Š

T

U

Z

A

a: 𒀀 (A/DURU5/ÉR/E4) /a/áya/ea/

  • n.,
    • water, fluid
    • semen,, seed
    • offspring, child, progeny
    • canal, watercourse
    • tears
    • flood
    • bird-cry
  • part. suff., (-a)
    • in, at, where, wherein, when (locative-terminitive case marker)
    • nominalizing suffix
  • interj., alas!

a-a: 𒀀𒀀 (A.A)

  • n., father.

ab: 𒀊 (AB/ABBA/ÈŠ) /ab/ap/

  • n.,
    • lake, sea
    • hole, opening, window, vent
    • niche, nook
  • part., inf., (-b-) when preceded by /a/ {a + b = ab}
    • by it/them (erg. inf.)
    • following /ga-/ -b- refers to direct object ‘it’

àb: 𒀖 (ÁB/LID) /lid/lit/ab/

  • n., cow (domestic).

a-ba: 𒀀𒁀

  • pron., int., Who?

a-bí-sí-im-ti 𒀀𒉈𒍣𒋾

  • n queen or noble woman from Ur III period written as a-bí-sí-im-ti. (British Museum. (n.d.). Clay tag [Artifact No. BM 022018]. Girsu (mod. Tello), Ur III Period (ca. 2100-2000 BC). British Museum, London, UK.)

a-gin7: 𒀀𒄀

  • adv.,
    • int., How? (in that way)

áĝ: 𒉘 (ÁĜA/ÁG/RE(NINDA2xNE)) /aĝ/ram/

  • v.,
    • to measure
    • to check

ak: 𒀝 (AG/AK/AKA/A5/KID3/ME6) /ag/ak/aq/

  • v.,
    • to do, act
    • to make into
    • to place
  • prep., suff., of (gen. case marker).

àm: 𒀀𒀭 (A.AN) /am/

  • v., he/she/it is (enclitic cop.) 

ama: 𒂼 (AM/DAGAL/(GÁxAN))

  • n., mother.

an: 𒀭 (AN/DIĜIR) /an/

  • n.,
    • sky, heaven
    • date cluster
    • An (god of the celestial sky)
  • v., to be high.
  • adj., high.
  • prep., in front.
  • part., inf., (-an-)
    • when preceded by /a/ {a+n}
      • he/she, it/they
      • by him/her (in some OB texts)
    • when preceding √+(e)š)
      • by them

a-na: 𒀀𒈾 (A.NA)

  • pron./adv., int., What? Who (impersonal)?
  • part., pron. suff., in his/her (loc.), of his/her (gen.) (before OB).

a-ne: 𒀀𒉈 (A.NE)

  • part., pron. suff.,
    • his/her (erg.) (before OB)
    • with -àm, (it is) his/her, he/she (before OB)

 

a-ne-ne: 𒀀𒉈𒉈 (A.NE.NE)

  • part., pron. suff., their (abs., erg.) (before OB)

a-ni: 𒀀𒉌 (A.NI)

  • pron., (ind./pron. suff.) his/her (pers.) (abs.) (before OB).

anše: 𒀲 (ANŠE)

  • n., donkey, equid, pack animal.

apin: 𒀳 (ÀBSIN/APIN/ENGAR/URU4)

  • n., plow.

aš: 𒀸 (AŠ/DIŠ/DILI/DIDLI/GE15) /aš/dil/rum/rù/ge/

  • v.,
    • to be single, unique, alone
    • to be one

B

ba: 𒁀 (BA) /ba/

  • n., share, portion, ration, wages, allotment.
  • v.,
    • to give
    • to apportion, divide, distribute, to allot
    • to pay
  • part.,
    • pref., (ba-)
      • middle voice indicator
        • indicates an indirect reflexive (doing something for one’s own benefit/detriment
        • indicates a spontaneous (agentless) change in state
        • indicates passive voice with intransitive forms
      • can act as ablative marker (away from)
    • inf., (-ba-)
      • it/they/them when preceded by /a/ {a+b} (loc-term.)
      • indirect object infix
    • suff., (-ba)
      • pron. suff., in/of its (loc., term., gen.)
      • adv. suff., here

babbar: 𒌓 (BABBAR/U4/UD/UT/TUA/UTU) /liḫ/par/pir/tam/ud/ut/uţ/ḫiš/

  • v., to be white (alt. bábbar 𒌓𒌓)

 

banšur 𒍎 (BANŠUR/(URU x URUDA))

  • n.,
    • table
    • altar, offering table

 

bé: 𒁉 (BÉ/BI/BIZ/ÉBIR/ÉPIR/GAŠ/KA8/KÁŠ/KAŠ/PÉ/PÍ/SA18/SIRIS4/SU15/ŠA21/ŠU13) /bé/pé/bi/pí/kaš/

 

  • v.,
    • to diminish, lessen
    • to speak, say, mention
    • to chirp, buzz, hum, twitter
    • to howl, cry
  • conj., and.
  • part.,
    • pref., conjugational prefix
    • suff.,
      • its (erg.)
      • with -àm, (it is) its
      • suff., this/that (one) (pers./impers.) (near to speaker)
      • suff, adverbial force suffix

bi: 𒁉 (BÉ/BI/BIZ/ÉBIR/ÉPIR/GAŠ/KA8/KÁŠ/KAŠ/PÉ/PÍ/SA18/SIRIS4/SU15/ŠA21/ŠU13) /bé/pé/bi/pí/kaš/

 

  • v.,
    • to diminish, lessen
    • to speak, say, mention
    • to chirp, buzz, hum, twitter
    • to howl, cry
  • con., and.
  • part.,
    • pref., conjugational prefix
    • suff.,
      • pron. suff., its (sg./pl.) (abs.) (impers.).
      • dem. suff., this/that (one) (pers./impers.) (near to speaker)
      • adv. suff, adverbial force suffix

bí 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/

  • part.,
    • pref., conjugational prefix
    • syllable used in spelling

bur 𒁓 (BUR/NÍG/gunû) /bur/pur/

  • n.,
    • offering of food
    • sacrifice
    • shallow bowl (stone), platter, shallow vessel, pot
    • meal, mealtime
    • priest

bur-saĝ: 𒁓𒊕

  • n.,
    • servant
    • building

D

da: 𒁕 (DA/ŢA) /da/ţa/

  • n.,
    • arm
    • edge, side, line
    • near, close
  • v.,
    • to hold
    • to protect
    • to be near
  • prep., suff., (-da) with (com. case marker)
  • conj., and (OA)

 

dab5: 𒂉 (DAB5/DÚR/DÚRU/DURUN/KU/TUKUL/TÚŠ/ŠE10) /ku/qú/dab/

  • v.,
    • to seize, take, catch
    • to hold
    • to bind, tie (up)
    • to envelop, overwhelm
    • to accept
    • to take charge of
    • to take away

 

dam: 𒁮 (DAM) /dam/ţam)

  • n., spouse, husband, wife.

dam-gàr 𒁮𒃼

  • n., merchant, trader

diĝir: 𒀭 (AN/DIĜIR) /an/

  • n., deity, god.
  • part., determinative indicating a deity (abbr. d).

 

dìlim: 𒇌 (not on wiki)

  • n., oven, tannour.

dilmunki: 𒉌𒌇𒆠 (NI.TUKki)

  • n., prop., Sumerian trading partner in the Persian Gulf between Mesopotamia and Indus Valley civilization, conquered by King Sargon II; a sacred city/territory which some speculate inspired the story of the Garden of Eden.

dú (tud/tu) 𒌅 (DÚ/TU/TUD/TUR5) /tu/ţu/ (sometimes tu-ud)

  • v
    • to give birth (to), bear a child
    • to beget
    • to be born
    • to make, fashion, create
    • to be reborn, transformed, changed

dù: 𒆕 (DÙ/GAK/KAK/KÀL/RÚ) /gag/kak/qaq

  • v.,
    • to build, to make
    • to do, to perform

dub: 𒁾 (DUB.KÌŠIB)

  • n., (clay) tablet, document.
  • v.,
    • to strew (with -ta-)
    • to heap, pile
    • to pour
    • to circle, whirl up
    • to (make) tremble, to shake
    • to push (away/down)
    • to abolish
    • to smash

 

dub-sar: 𒁾𒊬 (DUB.SAR)

  • n., scribe

dumu: 𒌉 (BÀN/DU13/DUMU/TUR) /tur/

  • n., child, son, daughter (possibly pronounced /domu/).

dumu-mí: 𒌉𒊩 (DUMU.MÍ)

  • n., daughter.

dumu-munus: 𒌉𒊩 (DUMU.MUNUS)

  • n., daughter.

 

dumu-níta: 𒌉𒀴 (DUMU.NÍTA)

  • n., son.

dúr: 𒂉 (DAB5/DÚR/DÚRU/DURUN/KU/TUKUL/TÚŠ/ŠE10) /ku/qú/dab/

  • n.,
    • anus, buttocks
    • dwelling
  • v.,
    • to sit (down) (marû)
    • to be seated, set down
    • to break wind
    • to dry out
    • to occupy, dwell

 

duru5: 𒀀 (A/DURU5/ÉR/E4) /a/áya/ea/

  • v.,
    • to be soft, supple
    • to be wet, damp, fresh
    • to be irrigated
  • adj., soft; wet, damp; fresh.

durun: 𒂉𒂉 (KU.KU)

  • v.,
    • to sit (down) (pl. marû/hamţu)

E

e: 𒂊 (E) /e/

  • v.,
    • to speak, to say
    • to water
    • to do (marû sg., hamţu pl.)
  • conj., than (second member comparison).
  • part.,
    • inf., (-e-):
      • [performed] by you (erg. sg. (hamţu))
      • with you (com. sg.)
      • to you (term. sg.)
      • [away] from you (abl. sg.)
      • by [means of] you (abl-inst. sg.)
      • in/on you (loc. sg.)
      • to/toward you (term. sg.)
    • suff., (-e)
      • ergative case marker
      • directive case marker
      • changes a hamţu root to marû stem
      • pron. suff., [as for] this [one]
      • prep. suff.,
        • by, with respect to, per, regarding [the agent] (erg. case marker)
        • prep., in, at, next to, beside
    • interj., vocative interjection

é: 𒂍 (É) /bit/

  • n.,
    • house, household
    • temple
    • plot [of land]

é-gal: 𒂍𒃲 (É.GAL)

  • n., palace.

 

eme: 𒅴 (EME/KAxME)

  • n.,
    • tongue, language
    • speech
    • plow’s share

 

en: 𒂗 (EN) /en/

  • n.,
    • lord, dignitary
    • high priest
    • diviner
    • ancestor [statue]
  • v., to rule.
  • adj., noble.

 

èn: 𒇷 (LE/LI) /le/li/

  • n. time.
  • prep., until.
  • pron., he/she, him/her (rare OB).

 

e-na: 𒂊𒈾 (E.NA)

  • part., pron. suff., in his/her (loc.), of his/her (gen.) (OB).

e-ne: 𒂊𒉈 (E.NE)

  • pron., (e-ne)
    • he/she, him/her, that one (pers.)
    • to whom (dat.) (OB)
    • to you (pl.) (dat.) (OB)
  • part.,
    • pref., (e-ne-) they/them (pl., pers.) {e-ne-√}
    • inf., (-e-ne-) to you (pl.) (dat.) (OB)
    • suff., (-(e)ne)
      • pron. suff.,
        • his/her (erg.) (OB)
        • with -àm, (it is) his/her, he/she (OB)
        • their (abs., erg.) (OB)
        • plural marker for personal nouns
          • -ne when precede by a vowel (before OB)
        • they/them when immediately preceding the root verb {-e-ne-√}

e-ne-ne: 𒂊𒉈𒉈 (E.NE.NE)

  • pron., he/she, him/her (before OB).
  • suff., pron. suff., their (abs., erg.) (OB).

 

den-líl: 𒀭𒂗𒆤 (EN.LÍL)

  • n., prop., Sumerian god of the earthly sky.

 

e-ni: 𒂊𒉌 (E.NI)

  • pron., (ind./pron. suff.) his/her (pers.) (abs.) (OB).

 

ereš 𒎏 (EREŠ/NIN) /nin/

  • n., lady, queen.

 

ereš-diĝir 𒎏𒀭  (NIN.DIĜIR)

  • n., priestess.

eš: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/

  • v., to anoint.
  • part., suff.,
    • (-eš)
      • by it (sg. (marû))
      • by them (pl. (hamţu))
    •  (-eš/-še)
      • to/toward (terminative case marker)
      • they/them (pl. (hamţu))
      • creates an adverb

 

èš: 𒀊 (AB/ÈŠ) /ab/ap/

  • n., shrine, sanctuary.

 

eš5  𒐈 (DIŠ.DIŠ.DIŠ/EŠ5) (alt. 𒀼 (AŠ.AŠ.AŠ/EŠ16)

  • num., three.

G

ga: 𒂵(GA) /ga/qá/

  • n., milk.
  • v., to bring, carry.
  • part.,
    • pref., modal (ga-) (hamţu)
      • may I, let me, I want to
      • I shall
      • let’s
      • and, also, furthermore (with (i)n-))

 

ga-ab-šúm: 𒂵𒀊𒋧 (GA.AB.ŠÚM)

  • n., seller (lit. let me it give)

 

gaba:  𒃮

  • n.,
    • chest, breast
    • frontier, side (of field/mountain)
    • coast (on the opposite side of the Tigris river)

 

gaba(-a) …tab: 𒃮 𒋰

  • v., to hold to one’s chest.

 

gal: 𒃲 (GAL) /gal/qal/kál

  • v.,
    • to be big, great
    • to be retired
    • to be former
    • to be mature (male animals)
  • adj.,
    • big, great
    • retired
    • former
    • mature (male animals)

gàr:  𒃼 (GÀR)

  • n.,
    • cake, baked product, breads
    • knob

gaz: 𒄤 (GAZ/GAS/(GUMxŠE))

  • v.,
    • to kill, execute, slaughter
    • to break, crumble, grind, grate
    • to smash, crush

ge: 𒄀 (GI/GE/GIN7/SIG17/SISIG) /ge/gi/

  • part syllable used for spelling, often between words ending with /g/ and beginning with /e/ {zig + eš = zi-ge-eš}

gen (ĝen) (ĜEN/ĜIN/GEN) 𒁺 (DU/GIN/GEN/ĜIN/ĜÉN/GUB/KAŠ5/KIN7/RÁ/RI6/TÚM/DE6) /du/kub/kup/ţù/de/tum

  • n constancy, reliability, steadiness.
  • v
    • to come/go (hamţu (sg.) of du)
    • to come (with dative or -ši-) (sg. h. (du,re7, súb)
    • to send
    • to flow
  • adj
    • firm, solid
    • ordinary

gi  𒄀 (GI/GE/GIN7/SIG17/SISIG) /ge/gi/

  • n.,
    • reed
    • measuring reed
    • unit of length (6 kuš3 = approx. 3 meters)
    • essence
    • judgement

gi7: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/

  • v.,
    • to be native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
    • to be noble
  • adj.,
    • native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
    • noble

gibil: 𒉋 (BIL/BÍL/GIBIL(NE+šešgig)) /bíl/

  • v.,
    • to be new, fresh
    • to (make new), renew, renovate

gìn: 𒆳 (KUR/GÌN) kur/lad/lat/mad/mat/nad/nat/šad/šat

  • n.,
    • mountain(s)
    • lapis lazuli

gin7: 𒄀 (GI/GE/GIN7/SIG17/SISIG) /ge/gi/

  • part., suff., (-gin7) equative case marker
    • like, as, just as
    • instead of
    • during

gir15: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/

  • v.,
    • to be native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
    • to be noble
  • adj.,
    • native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
    • noble

gu7 (kú)𒅥 (GU7/KÚ(KAxGAR))

  • n
    • food, sustenance
    • fodder
    • angle
  • v
    • to eat, consume, devour, swallow
    • to use
    • to finish (off)
    • to feed, nurse
    • to benefit (with -ni-)

Ĝ

ĝá: 𒂷 (GÁ/ĜÁ/ĜE26)

  • v., to go, come (imperative of du).
  • part., pron. suff., in/of my (loc., gen.)

ĝál: 𒅅 (IG/IK/ĜÁL/GÁL) /eg/ek/eq/ig/ik/iq/

  • v.,
    • to exist
    • to be (somewhere, there, available)
    • to produce
    • to cause to be
    • to provide
    • to be in the care/possession of (w/ -da)
    • to be possible (w/ -da)
    • to put, place, lay (something down) (w/ -ni-/-bi-)
    • to place/put into (w/ -ši-)
    • to be with (w/ -da-)
    • to take an oath
    • to dwell
    • to have
    • to guard, protect
    • to open

 

ĝe6 (ĝi6): 𒈪 MI (MI/ĜI6/GÍG/GE6) /mé/mi/ĝi/giggi/

  • n., night.
  • adj., black, dark.
  • v., to be black, dark (ku10 reduplicated marû).

 

ĝe26: 𒂷 (GÁ/ĜÁ/ĜE26)

  • pron., I, me, myself.

ĝen (gen) (ĜEN/ĜIN/GEN) 𒁺 (DU/GIN/GEN/ĜIN/ĜÉN/GUB/KAŠ5/KIN7/RÁ/RI6/TÚM/DE6) /du/kub/kup/ţù/de/tum

  • n., constancy, reliability, steadiness
  • v.,
    • to come/go (hamţu (sg.) of du)
    • to come (with dative or -ši-) (sg. h. (du,re7, súb)
    • to send
    • to flow
  • adj.,
    • firm, solid
    • ordinary

 

ĝi6 (ĝe6): 𒈪 MI (MI/ĜI6/GÍG/GE6) /mé/mi/ĝi/giggi/

  • n., night.
  • adj., black, dark.
  • v., to be black, dark (ku10 reduplicated marû).

 

ĝir15: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/

  • v.,
    • to be native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
    • to be noble
  • adj.,
    • native, indigenous, local, domestic, domesticated
    • noble

 

ĝu10: 𒈬 (MU/MUḪALDIM/ĜU10) /mu/ĝu/

  • pron., suff., my, mine (abs., erg.)

Ḫ

ḫa  𒄩 (A7/ḪA/KUA/KUD/KU6) /ḫa/

  • part., pref., verbal prefix may, let, indeed (precative, affirmative).

ḫar: 𒄯 (ÀRA/ḪAR/ḪUR/MUR/UR5/(ḪIxÁŠ)) aara/mur/ḫar/ḫur/

  • n., ring.

 

ḫi: 𒄭 (DÙG/DÙG/DU10/I11/ḪE/ḪÍ) / ḫé/ḫí/ì/

  • v.,
    • to mix (up)
    • to process

ḫuĝ: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/

  • v.,
    • to pacify, abate
    • to hire, rent
    • to introduce
    • to rest

ḫúl: 𒄾 (ḪÚL/BIBRA/BIBRI/KUŠ8)

  • n., joy, rejoicing.
  • v., to rejoice, be happy, delight (in).
  • adj., joyous.

ḫur: 𒄯 (ÀRA/ḪAR/ḪUR/MUR/UR5/(ḪIxÁŠ)) /ara/mur/ḫar/ḫur/

  • v., to scratch, draw, incise.

 

ḫur-saĝ: 𒄯𒊕 (ḪUR.SAĜ)

  • n., mountain, foothills, steppe.

ḫuš: 𒍽 (ḪUŠ)

  • v.,
    • to be angry
    • to be reddish, ruddy
  • adj.,
    • reddish, ruddy
    • fiery red
    • furious, angry
    • terrible, awesome
    • wild (of animals)

I

ì: 𒉌 (DIG/IA/Ì/NI/ZAL) /i/ì/lí/né/ni/zal/

  • n.,
    • butter, oil, fat, cream
    • oil container
  • part., pref., conjugational prefix (indicates distance from speaker)

íb: 𒌈 (TUM/ÍB/EGIR4) /dàm/tam4/dum/tum/du4/tu4/éb/ép/íb/íp/tím/

  • n.,
    • hips
    • middle
  • v.,
    • to be angry
    • to curse
  • part., conjugational prefix
      • as a stand-alone prefix (íb-√) referring to the agent (3rd imp.) (erg.)
      • as a prefix to a dimensional infix (da/ta/ši/ra) referring to the patient (3rd pl./sg.)
    • , (-b-) by it, when preceded by /i/ {i+b = ib} (erg.)

im: 𒅎 (EM/IM/IŠKUR/NÍ/TUM9/TU15) /em/im/ni/

  • n.,
    • clay, mud, loam
    • tablet
    • rain, rainstorm, storm
    • wind, weather, cloud
    • direction

im-ri-a: 𒅎𒊑𒀀 (IM.RI.A)

  • n., family, clan, relatives.

in: 𒅔 (IN) /in/

  • n.,
    • abuse
    • insult, offense
    • sector
    • straw
  • part.,
    • pref., conjugational prefix
      • as a stand-alone prefix (in-√) referring to 3rd sg./pl. agent
      • as a 3rd sg. prefix referring to the patient
      • as a 3rd sg. prefix in negated copula (in-nu: it was not )
    • inf., (-n-)
      • when preceded by /i/ {i+n}
        • he/she, him/her
        • by him/her (erg.)
      • when preceded by √+(e)š
        • by them
      • dimensional prefix (-n-) (before da/ta/ši) when preceded by an /i/ {i+n} (3rd sg. pers.).

 

inim: 𒅗 (GÙ/ZÚ/DUG4/DU11/KA/KIR4/GIRI17/INIM/I5) /ka/kag/

  • n.,
    • word
    • statement
    • command, order, decree
    • oath, agreement
    • matter (affairs), concern, subject
  • num., seven (7).
  • adv., many, all.

 

iri: 𒌷 (URU/IRI) /uru/iri/eri

  • n.,
    • city, town, village
    • district

iš: 𒅖 (IŠ/ISIŠ/KUŠ7/SAḪAR/UKUM) /iš/mil/iš/iši/kuš/mel/saḫar/ukum/

  • n.,
    • mountain(s)
    • sand dune

iti 𒌚 (UD šešig/(UD x EŠ)ITI/ITU/TI10/(UDxEŠ)) /itu/itud/

  • n.,
    • month
    • moon
    • moonlight

 

itud (itim, itid) 𒌗((UDxU.U.U)/DU16/ITI/ITU/ITUD/TI10)

  • n.,
    • month
    • moon
    • moonlight

izi 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/

  • n., fire, brazier.

K

ka 𒅗 (GÙ/ZÚ/DUG4/DU11/KA/KIR4/GIRI17/INIM/I5) /ka/kag/

  • n.,
    • mouth
    • opening
    • beginning, inception, origin

kalag: 𒆗 (ESI/GURUŠ/KAL/KALA/KALAG/LAMMA/SIG15) /dan/kal/lab/lap/líb/líp/rib/rip/tan/

  • v.,
    • to be strong, mighty, powerful
    • to strengthen, reinforce
    • to repair, mend
    • to provide (for)
  • adj., strong, swift

 

kalam: 𒌦 (UN/KALAM/KANAM/ÙG/ÙĜ/ÙKU) /un/uĝ/

  • n., country, land, nation (usually Sumer).
  • n., prop the Land (of Sumer).

 

kam 𒄰 (ḪI x BAD)/DU15/KAM/TU7/ÚTUL) /gám/qám/kam

  • v., to tune.

ke4 𒆤 (GÉ/KID/LÍL/SAḪ) /kid/kit/qid/qit/saḫ/

  • part., syllable used in spelling {ak + e = a-ke4}

ki: 𒆠 (KI) ke/qé/ki/qí

  • n.,
    • earth
    • ground
    • area, location, place
    • grain
  • prep.,
    • where
    • wherever, whenever
    • behind

ki aĝ: 𒆠𒉘(KI.ÁĜ)

  • v.,
    • to love
    • to show affection

ki-en-gi-ra: 𒆠𒂗𒄀𒊏

  • n., prop., (land of) Sumer; Sumeria.

 

kíĝ (kin): 𒆥 (KIN/KÍĜ/SAGA11) /qe/qi/

  • n., message, order, task, work
  • v.,
    • to seek, fetch (with directive -ni-)
    • to send
    • to order (reduplication marû)
    • to work
    • to be pointed
  • adj., pointed.

 

kíĝ-sig:  𒆥𒋝

  • n., meal (afternoon/evening).

 

kiš  𒆧 (KIŠ) /kis/qis/kiš/qiš/

  • n.,
    • totality
    • world
    • entirety of geopolitical world

 

kisal: 𒆦 (KISAL/PAR4)

  • n.,
    • courtyard
    • weight measure

 

ki-šár: 𒆠𒊹 (KI.ŠÁR)

  • n.,
    • totality, whole earth, horizon
    • everywhere

kiški  𒆧𒆠 (KIŠ.KI)

  • n., prop., Sumerian city occupied from 5300 – 4300 BC, located near Tell al-Uhaymir in modern Iraq.

kú (gu7) 𒅥 (GU7/KÚ(KAxGAR))

  • n.,
    • food, sustenance
    • fodder
    • angle
  • v.,
    • to eat, consume, devour, swallow
    • to use
    • to finish (off)
    • to feed, nurse
    • to benefit (with -ni-)

kù (kug): 𒆬 (KUG/KÙ) /kug/

  • n.,
    • metal
    • silver, precious metal
    • money
  • v.,
    • to be pure
    • to be holy, sacred
    • to purify, sanctify
  • adj.,
    • bright, white
    • pure, sacred, holy

 

ku4 (kur9) 𒆭 (KU4/KUR9) (reduplicated class stem sun5)

  • n., entrance.
  • v.,
    • to enter, make enter, enter before (with dative pref.), let enter (with -ni-), enter into the presence of (with -ši-)
    • to turn around
    • to bring (in), introduce, deliver (with -ni (location))
    • to become, turn into, to transform (with -da-)
    • to be declared
    • to be made liable for

kud (ku6) 𒄩 (A7/ḪA/KUA/KUD/ KU6) /ḫa/

  • n., fish.
  • part., suff., determinative suffix indicating a class of fish.

kug (kù): 𒆬 (KUG/KÙ) /kug/

  • n.,
    • metal
    • silver, precious metal
    • money
  • v.,
    • to be pure
    • to be holy, sacred
    • to purify, sanctify
  • adj.,
    • bright, white
    • pure, sacred, holy

kur: 𒆳 (KUR/GÌN) kur/lad/lat/mad/mat/nad/nat/šad/šat

  • n.,
    • mountain(s), highland
    • foreign land
    • underworld, netherworld
  • v.,
    • to reach, attain
    • to rise
    • to kindle, to light up, to ignite
    • to burn

kur9 (ku4) 𒆭 (KU4/KUR9) (reduplicated class stem sun5)

  • n., entrance.
  • v.,
    • to enter, make enter, enter before (with dative pref.), let enter (with -ni-), enter into the presence of (with -ši-)
    • to turn around
    • to bring (in), introduce, deliver (with -ni (location))
    • to become, turn into, to transform (with -da-)
    • to be declared
    • to be made liable for

L

la: 𒆷 (LA/ŠIKA) /la/

  • n.,
    • plenty, abundance
    • wealth, luxury
    • happiness, joy, bliss
    • youthfulness
    • wish, desire
    • lust
  • part., prefix (la-) no, is not, without (with -ba-)

 

le 𒇷 (LE/LI) /le/li/

  • part., syllable used for spelling

 

líl: 𒆤 (GÉ/KID/LÍL/SAḪ) /kid/kit/qid/qit/saḫ/

  • n.,
    • air, wind, breath
    • outdoors, open air/country
    • emptiness, nothingness
    • ghost, phantom, spirit (of a place)

lú: 𒇽 (LÚ) /lu/

  • n.,
    • man
    • male
    • human being, person
    • gentleman
  • pron.,
    • who(m), which
    • someone, anyone, no one

lugal: 𒈗 (LUGAL/ḪÁNIŠ)

  • n.,
    • king
    • owner, master, lord

M

ma: 𒈠 (MA/PÈŠ) /ma/

  • part., suff., (-ma)
    • and, but
    • expresses emphasis

maḫ 𒈤 (MAḪ/MAH)

  • v.,
    • to be high, lofty, exalted
    • to be great, large, magnificent
    • to make large
    • to be chief, senior
  • adj.,
    • high, exalted, great, lofty
    • foremost
    • sublime

máš: 𒈧 (MÁŠ) /maš/

  • n.,
    • goat, kid (masc.)
    • sacrificial animal
    • interest (on debt, yield, etc.)
    • rent
    • profit
    • produce, yield (crop)
  • v., to inspect, scrutinize

me: 𒈨 (IŠIB/ME/MÉŠ) /me/mì/šib/šip/

  • n.,
    • function, office, responsibility
    • ideal [norm]
    • divine power
    • divine decree
    • oracle
    • cult [ordinance]
  • v.,
    • I am, you are (en. cop.) (OS)
    • they are (en. cop.) (NS)
    • to say/tell
  • adv., int., where?
    • in where (with -a)
    • from where, whither? (with -ta
    • to(ward) where, whence? (with -šè)
  • part.,
    • inf., (-me-) to us (dat.) (OB)
    • suff., (-me) our (abs., erg., gen.)

 

mè: 𒀞 (MÈ/AKxÉRIN)

  • n., battle, combat.

 

me-en: 𒈨𒂗 (ME.EN)

  • v., I am/you are (en. cop.)

 

me-en-dè-en: 𒈨𒂗𒉈𒂗 (ME.EN.DÈ.EN)

  • v., we are (en. cop.)

 

me-en-zé-en: 𒈨𒂗𒍢𒂗 (ME.EN.ZÉ.EN)

  • v., you are (pl.) (en. cop.)

 

me-eš: 𒈨𒂠 (ME.EŠ)

  • v., they are (pl.) (en. cop.)

 

mi: 𒈪 MI (MI/ĜI6/GÍG/GE6) /mé/mi/ĝi/giggi/

  • part., syllable used in spelling.

 

mí: 𒊩 (MÍ/MUNUS/SAL) /rag/rak/raq/šal/

  • n., woman, female.
  • adj., female, feminine.

mu: 𒈬 (MU/MUḪALDIM/ĜU10) /mu/ĝu/

  • n.,
    • name
    • word
    • year
    • line [on a tablet], [an] entry [in a record]
    • oath
  • v.,
    • to name
    • to speak 
  • prep., because.
  • part., pref., (mu-)
    • hither, fourth (adv.)
    • conjugation prefix (may suggest involvement by speaker)

mul: 𒀯 (MUL)

  • n.,
    • celestial body, star, planet, constellation, meteor
    • arrow
  • v.,
    • to (let) glow, to shine, to sparkle, to radiate [light or branches]
    • to show
  • det., pref., determinative indicating class of celestial bodies.

munus: 𒊩 (MÍ/MUNUS/SAL) /rag/rak/raq/šal/

  • n., woman, female.
  • adj., female.
  • part., det. pref., determinative indicating the name of a female.

muš: 𒈲 (MUŠ)

  • n., snake, reptile.
  • adj., bitter.

muš-ḫuš  𒈲 𒍽

n., monster

N

na: 𒈾(NA) /na/

  • n.,
    • man (OB)
    • incense
    • pebble, rock
    • hailstone
    • stone weight
    • token
  • part.,
    • pref., modal prefix
      • emphatic (past tense)
      • prohibitive may he/she not, he/she shall not (present/future tense)
    • inf., (-na-) to him/her (dat.).
    • suff., pron. suff., he/she, that one.

nag (naĝ/na8) 𒅘 (NAĜ/NAG/NA8/(KAxA)) /nag/nak/naq/ (reduplicated form of na8-na8 𒅘𒅘 marû)

  • n., a drink.
  • v.,
    • to drink
    • to irrigate, to water

na4 𒎎 (IA4/NA4/ZÁ)

  • n.,
    • stone
    • pebble, rock
    • stone weight
    • tolken
    • hailstone
  • part., pref., determinitive prefix indicating a type of stone.

 

naĝ (nag/na8) 𒅘 (NAĜ/NAG/NA8/(KAxA)) /nag/nak/naq/ (reduplicated form of na8-na8 𒅘𒅘 marû)

    • n., a drink.
  • v.,
    • to drink
    • to irrigate, to water

nam: 𒉆 (NAM/SIM/BIR5) /nam/sim/bir/

  • n.,
    • being, state
    • fate, destiny, determined order, lot
    • testament, will
    • area of responsibility, office
    • governor
    • province
    • sign
    • manner, way
  • adv., because of (w/ -še)
  • part., pref., (nam-) -ship, -ness

na-me: 𒈾𒈨 (NA.ME)

  • pron., some, any, none.

dnanna: 𒀭𒋀𒆠 (DŠEŠ.KI) /nanna/

  • prop. n., Sumerian god of the Moon.

ne: 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/

  • n., brazier.
  • part.,
    • inf., (-ne-)
      • his/her
      • they/them (dimensional)
      • to/with/toward them (pers.) (dat., com., term.)
    • suff., (-ne)
      • his/her
      • this (one here) (rare)
      • by/for them (erg.)
      • (-(e)ne) plural marker for personal nouns
        • -e-ne when preceded by a consonant {C+ene} (in all cases in OB and later)

ni: 𒉌 (DIG/IA/Ì/NI/ZAL) /i/ì/lí/né/ni/zal/

  • part.,
    • inf., (-ni-) indicates his/her/its location or direction (loc.-term.)
    • suf., (-(a)ni) his/her when following a vowel

níĝ: 𒃻 (GAR/NÍĜ/NÍG/NÍK/NINDA/NÌ/ŠÁ) /gar/šá/

  • n.,
    • thing
    • possession, property, treasure
    • valuables, assets
    • [a] matter
  • pron.,
    • ind., something
    • rel., which

 

nim: 𒉏 (NIM/NUM/DIḪ/ELAM) /nim/elam/num/

  • n.,
    • fly, insect
    • highland
    • east
    • morning
    • easterner
  • v.,
    • to be high, elevated
    • to multiply
    • to be early
  • adj., high, early.
  • adv., above.

 

nin: 𒎏 (EREŠ/NIN) /nin/

  • n., lady, mistress, owner (f.), lord (f.), queen.

nin9: 𒎐 (NIN9)

  • n., sister.

dnin-ḫur-saĝ 𒀭𒎏𒄯𒊕: (DNIN.ḪUR.SAĜ)

  • n., prop., the first Sumerian mother/earth goddess who was involved in the creation of human beings.

níta: 𒀴 (ARAD/ÌR/NÍTA/NÍTAḪ) /èr/ìr/

  • n., male.
  • adj., male, masculine.

nu (not). 𒉡 (NU) /nu/ v to not be, no

  • n.,
    • image, picture, likeness
    • statue, figurine
  • adv., not, no, without

nun 𒉣 (ERIDU/ERIDUG/NUN) /nun/síl/zil/eridug/

  • n.,
    • object (metal)
    • prince
    • noble, master
  • v., to rise up.
  • adj.,
    • best, foremost
    • great
    • noble
    • fine
    • deep

P

paḫ: 𒈜 (LUL/NAR/PAḪ)

  • n., leg.

R

ra: 𒊏 (RA) /ra/

  • part., (-ra-)
    • inf.,
      • away to (abl.)
      • to you (sg.) (dat.)
      • to/for (dat.)
    • suff., to/for (dative case marker)

rá: 𒁺 (DU/GIN/GUB/KAŠ5/KIN7/RÁ/RI6/TÚM) /du/kub/kup/ţù/

  • v.,
    • to accompany
    • to lead
    • to bear
    • to go
    • to drive along/away
    • to stir, to mix
    • to multiply

ri: 𒊑 (DAL/RI/ŠA7) /dal/ţal/re/ri/tal/ša7/

 

  • v.,
    • to lie (upon)
    • to place (upon/against) (w/ -ši-)
    • to press upon
    • to put onto/into
    • to oppress, impose
    • to cover
    • to affix
    • to lay down, erect, found, cast
    • to equip with
    • to mix into
    • to throw
    • to pour
    • to be located
    • to touch
    • to moor
    • to break (open)
    • to expel, remove, throw away, sweep away (w/ -ta-)
    • to beget
    • to blow (storm)
    • to emit
    • to inundate
    • to exchange
    • to take, gather
    • to glean, pull, pick
    • to plan (hamţu)
    • to accompany
    • to lead, drive along
    • to be distant
    • to tend
  • adj., distant, far.
  • part., dem. pref., that/those (way over there).

S

sa 𒊓 (SA) /sa/

  • n.,
    • sinew, tendon
    • gut
    • catgut string, cord, string (of a musical instrument)
    • net
    • mat
    • reed-bundle
    • bunch
    • entry (lexical)
    • jewelry
  • v., to roast, parch.

sa10: 𒉚 (NÍNDAxŠE/SA10/SÁM) /sam/sa/

  • v.,
    • to measure out (grain—comparison)
    • to be equivellant
    • to barter
    • to buy, pay for (with -ši-)
    • to sell, be paid for (w/ -ra-)

sal: 𒊩 (MÍ/MUNUS/SAL) /rag/rak/raq/šal/

  • n., uterus, vulva.
  • v.,
    • to be(come) narrow, thin, fine
    • to be wide, spacious
    • to spread
    • to be frivolous
    • to persist
    • to belittle
  • pref., det., determinative indicating the name of a female.
  •  

sig: 𒋝 (SIG) /sig/sik/siq/šig/šik/šiq/

  • v., to be weak, slow, thin, narrow.
  • adj.,
    • low
    • late
    • small
    • narrow
    • weak

 

sila: 𒋻 (TAR/KUD/KUR5/SILA/ḪAŠ) /kuř/

  • n.,
    • street, path, road, trail
    • market (place)
    • bait
    • dues (outstanding)
    • heel

 

sud: 𒋤(SER/SIR/SUD/SÙ) /šud/šut/šuţ/

  • v.,
    • to be/make remote, far away, lasting
    • to stretch, elongate
    • to be profound
    • to wag
    • to rejoice, feel delight
    • to sip
    • to sprinkle, strew
    • to furnish, provide
    • to immerse, sink, drown (red.)
  • adj., long.

saĝ: 𒊕 (SAG/SAĜ) /ris/riš/sag/sak/saq/san/šag/šak/šaq/

  • n.,
    • head
    • man, person, human, individual
    • capital
    • point
    • leader
    • present
    • gift
    • slave, servant
    • front (side), beginning
    • surface, top
  • adj., first, prime.
  • prep., in front.

 

sar: 𒊬 (KIRI6/MÚ/SAKAR/SAR/SÁḪAR/ŠAKAR/ŠÀR) /šar/

  • n.,
    • garden
    • area, volume
    • surface measurement (garden plot)
  • v.,
    • to write, inscribe
    • to run, hasten
    • to insert, enter
    • to begin
    • to pay, deliver
    • to drive, chase away (with -ta-)
  • adj., driven/chased away, pursued.
  • part., suff., det., determinative suffix indicating a class of greens or vegetables (obsolete)

si 𒋛 (SI/MA/SIG9) /se/si/sig/

  • n.,
    • horn(s), antenna(e)
    • line
    • ray(s)
    • light
    • plowland
    • finger
    • fret
  • v.,
    • to fill, load up
    • to draw water
    • to brew beer
    • to remember
    • to stand upright, be straight
    • to be in order
    • to become still
    • to survey
    • to inundate, be full of, be sufficient, enough
    • to increase
    • to compensate, repay, replace
  • adj.,
    • regular, normal
    • suitable, fit

sí 𒍣 (SÉ/SÍ/ZI/ZID/ZÌG) /sé/sí/ze/ṣé/ṣí/

  • part., syllable used in spelling.

sìla 𒋡

  • n.,
    • unit of capacity/volume
    • litre (approximate)
    • vessel
    • cut (of meat)
    • fragment

su 𒍪 (ZU/SU) /sú/zu/ṣú/

  • n.,
    • flesh
    • body
    • skin, animal hide
    • relatives
    • substitute
    • entrails (omen)
  • adj., naked
  • v., to sink, submerge

Š

šà (šag4) : 𒊮 (ŠÀ/ŠAG4) /šà/šag/

  • n.,
    • heart
    • inside of the body
    • intestines, gut, stomach, abdomen, entrails
    • womb
    • body
    • will, volition
    • mood
    • meaning, sugnificance
  • prep., in, at, inside, interior, middle, midst.

šag4 (šà): 𒊮 (ŠÀ/ŠAG4) /šà/šag/

  • n.,
    • heart
    • inside of the body
    • intestines, gut, stomach, abdomen, entrails
    • womb
    • body
    • will, volition
    • mood
    • meaning, sugnificance
  • prep in, at, inside, interior, middle, midst.

šár: 𒊹 (ŠÁR) /ŠÀR/

  • n.,
    • totality, world, horizon, ball
    • counter, token
  • v.,
    • to be numerous
    • to mix (with -da-), make abundant
    • to be perfect
    • to slaughter
    • to request, implore (red.)
  • adj., many, numerous, innumerable.
  • num., 3600

šè: 𒂠 (ÉŠ/ŠÈ/ḪUĜ/GE7/GI7/GIR/ĜIR) /eš/še/š/ḫuĝ/ge/gi/gir/ĝir/

  • n., portion. 
  • part., suff.,
    • (-še/-eš) to/toward, up to, until (term. case marker)
    • (-še/-eš) they/them (pl. (hamţu))
    • (-še/-eš) creates an adverb

še6 (šeĝ6/šeg6): 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6/ŠEG6/ŠE6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/

  • v.,
    • to heat, cook, bake, boil
    • to be hot
    • to dry a field (red. m.)
    • to fire (pottery)

šeg6 (šeĝ6/še6)𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6/ŠEG6/ŠE6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/

  • v.,
    • to heat, cook, bake, boil
    • to be hot
    • to dry a field (red. m.)
    • to fire (pottery)

 

šeĝ6 (še6/šeg6): 𒉈 (BAR7/BIL/BIR9/BÍ/DÈ/GIBL4/IZI/KÚM/LI9/NE/ŠEG6/ŠEG6/ŠE6) /bil/pil/bí/ne/

  • v.,
    • to heat, cook, bake, boil
    • to be hot
    • to dry a field (red. m.)
    • to fire (pottery)

šen: 𒊿 (ALAL/DUR10/PÌSAN/ŠEN/(SUxA))

  • n.,
    • battle, combat
    • cauldron
  • v., to be pure, clear

šeš: 𒋀 (SES/ÙRI/ÙRU/ŠEŠ/ŠIZ) /sis/siš/šiš/

  • n.,
    • brother
    • colleague
    • junior worker, assistant

 

ši: 𒅆 (IGI/ŠI/LIM/GI8) /lem/lim/ši/

  • v., to become tired.
  • part.,
    • pref., modal prefix which alters mood of verb
    • inf., terminative infix (after OS)

 

šu 𒋗 (ŠU) /šu/

  • n.,
    • hand
    • share, portion, bundle
    • strength
    • control
    • handwriting
    • responsibility
    • pestle, muller, pounding stone
  • v., to pour.

šul 𒂄 (DUN/ŠUL) /dun/šáḫ/šul/

  • n.,
    • a youth, young man
    • warrior
    • invader
  • v.,
    • to be manly
    • to hurry, hasten
    • to rub into the skin
  • adj.,
    • manly
    • masculine
    • young
    • strong
    • heroic, splendid
    • proud

dšul-gi 𒀭𒂄𒄀 (DŠUL.GI)

  • n., an equid.
  • n., prop., Son of Ur-Nammu, the first Sumerian king of the Third Dynasty of Ur, who reigned for 48 years, sometime between c 2100-1980 BCE. He is credited with building the Great Ziggurat of Ur.

šúm: 𒋧 (SÌ/SUM/ŠÚM)

  • n., garlic, onion
  • v., to give, lend

 

šu-nim: 𒋗𒉏

  • n., spring, springtime.

 

šu …dab5: 𒋗 …𒂉

  • v., to take, accept, hold (in hand).

T

ta: 𒋫 (TA) /dá/ţá/ta/

  • part.,
    • inf., (-ta-) away from (abl.)
    • suf., (-ta)
      • away from, out of, since, after (abl.)
      • by means of (inst.)
      • creates an adverb

tab: 𒋰 (TAB/MIN6)

  • n., disease, illness, sting, fever.
  • num., two (2).
  • v.,
    • to grasp, hold
    • to begin, start
    • to burn
    • to make/dye red
    • to brand, mark
    • to double (sometimes reduplicated marû)
    • to repeat
    • to partner
    • to be parallell
    • to flatten, lay flat
    • to tremble, shake
    • to hasten
    • to join (w/-da-)
  • adv., together (before verb).

 

ti: 𒋾 (DÌ/TE9/TI/TÌL/ŢE6) /dì/ti/

  • n.,
    • life
    • rib
    • arrow
    • side
  • v., to approach (hamţu)
    • to live, be alive, keep alive
    • to survive (with -da)
    • to revive
    • to dwell, reside
    • to be halted

 

tir: 𒌁 (TIR) /ter/tir/

  • n.,
    • forest, grove, thicket
    • bow
    • mud,
    • wood

 

tu (tud/dú) 𒌅 (DÚ/TU/TUD/TUR5) /tu/ţu/ (alt. ù-tu/ù-tud)

  • v.,
    • to give birth (to), bear a child.
    • to beget
    • to be born
    • to make, fashion, create
    • to be reborn, transformed, changed

 

tud (dú/tu) 𒌅 (DÚ/TU/TUD/TUR5) /tu/ţu/ (alt. tu-ud)

  • v.,
    • to give birth (to), bear a child
    • to beget
    • to be born
    • to make, fashion, create
    • to be reborn, transformed, changed

 

tuku 𒌇 (TUKU/TUG/TUK/DÚK/DU12/TU12) /tug/tuk/tuq/tuku

  • n.,
    • creditor
  • v.,
    • to have, own, possess
    • to marry
    • to acquire, obtain
    • to receive, get (m. red.)
    • to have a claim against someone (with -da-)
    • to sing, play music

tur: 𒌉 (BÀN/DUMU/TUR) /tur/

  • n.,
    • child
    • young (herd animals)
    • second [in rank]
  • v.,
    • to be/make small
    • to be insufficient
    • to reduce
  • adj., young, small, little.

tuš: 𒂉 (DAB5/DÚR/DÚRU/DURUN/KU/TUKUL/TÚŠ/ŠE10) /ku/qú/dab/

  • n., home.
  • v.,
    • to sit, lie (down) (transitive)
    • to sing
    • to dwell, reside
    • to be at home
    • to settle
    • to set up, establish

U

ù 𒅇 (Ù/IGI DIB) /ù/

  • n.,
    • sleep
    • land
  • v., to sleep.
  • conj., and, but, also, furthermore, moreover.
  • correlative, either… or, neither… nor.
  • part., pref.,
    • modal prefix ‘if’ (prospective)
    • pronominal prefix in compound nouns to derive a more specific meaning
  • prep., when, after.
  • imperative, polite (please).

 

u4 (ud): 𒌓 (BABBAR/U4/UD/UT/TUA/UTU) /liḫ/par/pir/tam/ud/ut/uţ/ḫiš/

  • n.,
    • noise, voice, cry
    • purslane (edible/medicinal plant)
  • v., to bellow, bray, bawl.

 

ub 𒌒 (UB/ÁR) /ár/ub/up/

  • n.,
    • corner, angle
    • nook, small room
  • v., to enunciate.

 

u4-ba: 𒌓𒁀

  • prep., phrase at that time, then, in those days.

 

ud (u4): 𒌓 (BABBAR/U4/UD/UT/TUA/UTU) /liḫ/par/pir/tam/ud/ut/uţ/ḫiš/

  • n.,
    • day
    • time
    • sun
    • light
    • weather
    • storm
    • heat
    • fever
    • summer
    • demon (storm demon)
  • prep., if, when, since.

 

ul4 𒄉 (GÍR gunû/KIŠI17/KÍŠIG/UL4) /ád/át/át/kišig/

  • n.,
    • anything, something
    • terror
    • vault of heaven, firmament
  • v.,
    • to be quick
    • to hurry, hasten
    • to harass
    • to become bright, to shine
    • to grind
  • adv., greatly.

 

ul4-la-bi 𒄉𒆷𒁉

  • adv., quickly, very soon.

 

un 𒌦 (UN/KALAM/KANAM/ÙG/ÙĜ/ÙKU) /un/uĝ/

  • n., people, population.
  • part., syllable used for spelling.

ur: 𒌨 (HUL/TÉŠ/UR) /lig/lik/liq/taš/teš/ur/

  • n.,
    • dog, lion, beast
    • servant
    • young man
    • warrior
    • enemy
    • figurine, toy
  • v., to tremble.
  • adj., humble.

ús: 𒍑 (60/GÌŠ/NITA/NITAḪ/ÚS/UŠ) /uš/

  • n.,
    • foundation
    • distance
    • dimension (length, width)
    • perpendicular
    • side, edge
    • unit (of length)
    • vertical
    • path
  • v.,
    • to support
    • to lift
    • to stand on
    • to follow, accompany
    • to drive
    • to come near to, (let) reach
    • to transport
    • to bring
    • to join
    • to be next to, boarder, lean against
    • to dock, moor
    • to impose
    • to be of less quality
  • num., 60.

uš: 𒍑 (60/GÌŠ/NITA/NITAḪ/ÚS/UŠ) /uš/

  • n.,
    • foundation
    • distance
    • dimension (length, width)
    • perpendicular
    • side, edge
    • unit (of length)
    • vertical
    • man
    • penis
  • v.,
    • to support
    • to lift
    • to stand on
    • to follow, accompany
    • to drive
    • to come near to, (let) reach
    • to transport
    • to bring
    • to join
    • to be next to, boarder, lean against
    • to dock, moor
  • num., 60.
  • part., suff., (-uš) they/them (pers.) when the root verb ends in /u/.

úš: 𒍗 (ÚŠ)

  • n.,
    • blood, gore
    • blood vessel
    • death
  • v.,
    • to block, shut off
    • to die
    • to be dead
    • to kill
  • adj., dead.

 

uz: 𒊻 (ŠE ḪU/UZ) /uz/us/

  • n., duck (wild).

 

uz-ga: 𒊻𒂵

  • n.,
    • priest
    • cella, shrine
    • treasure, goods

Z

za: 𒍝 (ZA) /sá/za/ṣ/

  • n.,
    • bead
    • gem
    • man
  • v., to make noise
  • pron., you (sg.) (abs.)
  • part., pron. suff., in/on/to, of your (loc., dat., gen.).

 

zà: 𒍠 (ZÀ/ZAG) /zag/zak/zaq/

  • n.,
    • (right) side
    • front
    • shoulder
    • outer edge, boarder, cusp
    • outskirts, outer edge, frontier
    • end, limit
    • beginning
    • district, place
    • sanctuary
    • percentage, measure (for fish)
    • outside of

 

zag: 𒍠 (ZÀ/ZAG) /zag/zak/zaq/

  • n.,
    • (right) side
    • front
    • shoulder
    • outer edge, boarder, cusp
    • outskirts, outer edge, frontier
    • end, limit
    • beginning
    • district, place
    • sanctuary
    • percentage, measure (for fish)
    • outside of

 

zag-mu: 𒍠𒈬 (ZA(G).MU)

  • n., [the] New Year

 

zé: 𒍢(ZÍ/ZÉ(ABxPA)) /zé/ṣe/zí/ṣi/

  • n.,
    • dirt, bile
    • gall bladder
  • pron., you (sg.)

zi: 𒍣 (SÉ/ZI/ZID/ZÌG) /sé/sí/ze/ṣé/ṣí/

  • n.,
    • life
    • breath
    • throat
  • v.,
    • to be faithful, righteous, true
    • to rise, stand
    • to issue
    • to levy, raise, rouse, muster, recruit (zi-zi (marû))
    • to swell
    • to become excited
    • to expend, to spend
    • to (make) go out
    • to tear out, uproot, weed, to take out, extract, remove, deduct
    • to approach
  • adj., high.

zìg: 𒍣 (SÉ/ZI/ZID/ZÌG) /sé/sí/ze/ṣé/ṣí/

  • n., wall, partition.
  • v.,
    • to rise, stand
    • to issue
    • to levy, raise, rouse, muster, recruit (zi-zi (marû))
    • to swell
    • to become excited
    • to expend, to spend
    • to (make) go out
    • to tear out, uproot, weed, to take out, extract, remove, deduct
    • to approach
  • adj., high.

zu: 𒍪 (ZU) /sú/zu/ṣú/

  • n., wisdom, knowledge.
  • v.,
    • to know
    • to learn, discover
    • to experience
    • to acknowledge, proclaim
    • to inform, teach (reduplicated (marû))
    • to be qualified, experienced
  • part., pron. suff., your(s) (abs., erg.)

 

zuḫ: (ZÚ/ZUḪ) 𒅗 (KA/GÙ/ZÚ/DUG4/DU11/KIR4/GIRI17/ZUḪ/INIM/I5) /ka/kag/zu/kir4/kir/kiri/zu/dug

  • v., to steal, rob.

 

zu-ne-ne: 𒍪𒉈𒉈 (ZU.NE.NE)

  • part., pron. suff., your (abs., erg., gen.) (alt. zu-ne)